Chapter 12 Ladder Notes

Front 1

Loering a ladder into a trench or manhole allows them to ____ the location of a victim in case of ____________ while the rescue operation is in progress

Back 1

mark
secondary collapse

Front 2

Roof ladders provide stable footing and distrubute teh weight of fire fighters during ________ operation

Back 2

pitch roof

Front 3

______ can be used as ramps for moving equipment, or for hoisting or lowering victims

Back 3

ladders

Front 4

Two types of beam construction found in ladders?

Back 4

Trussed beam
I-beam

Front 5

__________ is an assembly of two or more ladder sections that fit together and can be extended or retracted to adjust the length

Back 5

extension ladder

Front 6

Ladder used in the fire service can be classed into two broad categories_____ and _____

Back 6

arial and portable

Front 7

Detailed requirements for aerial apparatus are documented in __________ Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus. This standard sets minimum performance requirements for apparatus referred to as either "aerial ladders or elevating platform

Back 7

NFPA 1901

Front 8

Aerial ladders are permanently mounted, power-operated ladders with a orking length of a least ___ feet

Back 8

50 feet

Front 9

An elevating platform apparatus that is ___ feet or less in length must also have a prepiped ateray and a permanently mounted monitor nozzle

Back 9

110 feet

Front 10

portable ladders also called _________

Back 10

ground ladders

Front 11

Most fire department engines carry __ or __ feet ladders, which can reach the roof of a typical two story building

Back 11

24 or 28 feet ladders

Front 12

Ladder trucks usually carry __ or __ feet ladders, which can reach the roofs of most three-story buildings

Back 12

35 or 40 feet ladders

Front 13

Generally fire service portable ladders are limited to a maximum length __ feet

Back 13

50 feet

Front 14

A straight ladder is a single-section, fixed-length ladder. Straight ladders may also be called ___ ladders or ____ ladders

Back 14

wall ladders
single ladders

Front 15

Straight ladders are lightweight, can be raised quickly, and can reach the windows and roofs of one-and _______ structures

Back 15

two story structures

Front 16

Straight ladders are commonly __ to __ feet long, but can be __ feet or longer

Back 16

12 to 20 feet long
but can be 30 feet longer

Front 17

Roof Ladders are commonly ___ to ___ feet long

Back 17

12 to 18 feet long

Front 18

An extension ladder requires more than _____ to set up

Back 18

more than one person to set up

Front 19

_______ are used to stablize a Bangor ladder while it is being raised or lowered

Back 19

Staypoles

Front 20

combination ladder are convenient for indoor use and for maneuvering in tight spaces. They are generally __ to __ feet in length in the A-frame configuration and __ to __ feet in length in the exstension configuration

Back 20

6 to 10 feet in A-Frame
10 to 15 feet in Extension Configuration

Front 21

Staypoles are required on ladders of ___ feet or greater length and can be found on __-feet ladders

Back 21

40 feet
35 feet laders

Front 22

Folding ladder also called ____

Back 22

attic ladder

Front 23

folding ladder are commonly available in __ to __ feet length

Back 23

8 to 14 feet in length

Front 24

_______ Standard for Manufacturer's Design of Fire Department Grounded Ladders

Back 24

NFPA 1931

Front 25

______ Standard on Use, Maintenance, and Service Testing of In-Service Fire Department Ground Ladders

Back 25

NFPA 1932

Front 26

______ ladders must be regularly inspected, maintained, and service-tested

Back 26

ground

Front 27

Ground ladders must be visually inspected at least ____. A ladder should also be inspected after each use.

Back 27

monthly

Front 28

If the inspection reveals any deficiencies, the ladder _______ from service until repairs are made

Back 28

remove from service

Front 29

to portable ladders should be performed only by _______________

Back 29

trained repair personnel

Front 30

required simple maintenance cdan often be performed by _______________ at the fire station.

Back 30

properly trained fire fighters

Front 31

repairs involving the structural or mechanical components of a ladder must be performed only by _________ at a properly equipped repair facillity

Back 31

qualified personnel

Front 32

Ensure that portable ladders are not painted except for the ___ and _____ __ inches of each section, becuase ___ can hide structural defects in the ladder.

Back 32

top and bottom 18 inches
paint

Front 33

The tip and butt are _____ for purposes of identification of visibility

Back 33

painted

Front 34

Ladders that are in storage should be placed on racks or in brackets and protected from the ______

Back 34

weather

Front 35

Fiberglass ladder can be damaged by prolonged exposure to ___________

Back 35

direct sunlight

Front 36

Ladder must be ________ to remove any road grime and dirt that built up on the apperatus during storage

Back 36

clean regularly

Front 37

Use a ___________ and water to clean ladders. A mild, ______ detergent may be used, if allowed by the manufacturer's recommendations

Back 37

soft-bristle brush
a mild diluted detergent

Front 38

Remove any ___, ___, or ______ deposits with a safety solvent as recommended by the manufacturer

Back 38

tar, oil, or grease

Front 39

Wipe dry any ladders that have ben exposed to water or used in the _____

Back 39

used in the rain

Front 40

1 Follow manufacturer, departmental, and natikonal standards for maintaining ladders.
2 Clean all components
3. Visually inspect the ladder for wear and damage
4 Lubricate the ladder using the recommendede material
6 Tag and remove the ladder from service if deficiencies are found
7 Complete the maintenance record for the ladder

Back 40

The steps for inspecting, cleaning, maintaining, and storing ladders`

Front 41

_________ are conducted by testing laboratories

Back 41

Design verification tests

Front 42

_________ measure the structural integrity of a portable ladder

Back 42

Service tests

Front 43

A repaired ladder must also pass _________ before it can be returned to service. Unless a ______ replacement was the only repair

Back 43

Service test
Halyard replacement

Front 44

The ___________ test evaluate the structural strength of a ladder

Back 44

horizontal-bending test

Front 45

General safety
Lifting and moving ladders
Placement of ground ladders
Working on a ladder
Rescue operations
Ladder damage

Back 45

Basic safety issues

Front 46

Never attempt to lift or move a ladder that weighs more than __________________

Back 46

you are capable of lifting safely

Front 47

The most important check is the location of ________

Back 47

overhead utility lines

Front 48

At a minimum, keep ladders at least ________ from any power lines while using or raising them

Back 48

10 feet away

Front 49

Ladder must be placed on _____ and relatively level surfaces

Back 49

stable

Front 50

Check the _______ immediatly after a ladder has been exposed to high temperatures

Back 50

heat sensor labels

Front 51

Before climbing a ladder, be sure it is set at the propre climbing angle (approximately __ degrees) for maximum load capacity and safety

Back 51

75 degrees

Front 52

The pawls (dogs) must be ____ and the _____ tied before anyone climbs an extension ladder

Back 52

locked
halyard

Front 53

To prevent slipping, another fire fighter should secure the base by ___________ the ladder

Back 53

healing (footing)

Front 54

most portable ladders are designed to support a weight of _____

Back 54

750 pounds

Front 55

Only ___ fire fightershould be on each section of an extension ladder at any time

Back 55

one

Front 56

While climbing the ladder be prepared for ________, misguided hose streams, or ______________ who could knock you of the ladder

Back 56

falling debris
misguided hose streams
people jumping off building

Front 57

To minimize their risk of falling, fire fighters who are working from a ladder should _________ or a ____ to secure themselves to the ladder

Back 57

use a safety belt
leg lock

Front 58

a ladder that overloaded during a rescue operation must be removed from service for _____ and ______

Back 58

inspection and service testing

Front 59

Selecting an apppropriate ladder requires that fire fighters estimate the heights of ______ and _____

Back 59

windows and rooflines

Front 60

A common rule of thumb is to be sure at least ___ ladder rungs show above the roofline

Back 60

five ladder

Front 61

Residential floor-to floor height __ to__ feet

Back 61

8- 10 feet

Front 62

Residential floor-to-windowsill height __ feet

Back 62

3 feet

Front 63

Commercial floor-to-floor height ___ feet

Back 63

12 feet

Front 64

Commercial floor-to-windowsill height ___ feet

Back 64

4 feet

Front 65

During access operations, the ladder is placed _______, with the ladder tip even with the ___ of the window opening

Back 65

next to the window
top

Front 66

During rescue operations the tip of the ladder should be ____________

Back 66

below the windowsill

Front 67

a ladder requires an additional __ foot in length for every ___ feet of vertical height

Back 67

1 foot
15 feet of vertical height

Front 68

Ladders in rear compartments can be stored either ___ or ___

Back 68

flat or vertically

Front 69

Ladders should be mounted in locations here they will not be exposed to excessive heat, _____ ____, or _____ ____.

Back 69

engine exhaust
mechanical damage
excessive heat

Front 70

The lead fire fighter needs to call out the intended movements clearly, using _______ and _________

Back 70

standard terminology
clear two_step commands

Front 71

Lift and lower the load with the ___ rather than the ____

Back 71

legs
back

Front 72

avoid ___ motions during lifting and lowering

Back 72

twisting

Front 73

Ladders can be carried at ____ height or at _____ length, and on ___ or flat

Back 73

shoulder
arms length
edge or flat

Front 74

Generally, an ____ or ____ fire fighter will select the general area for ladder placement

Back 74

officer
senior

Front 75

the fire fighter at the ___ of the lader will determine the exact ___ at which to position it

Back 75

but
site

Front 76

A ladder placed on an uneven surface can easily _______

Back 76

tip over

Front 77

When a fire fighter is standing on a rung, the rung at shouulder height will be about _____ lengh away

Back 77

one arm

Front 78

The ratio of the ladder height (vertical reach) to the distance from the structure should be ___

Back 78

4:1

Front 79

When calculating vertical reach, remember to add additional footage for ________

Back 79

rooftop operations

Front 80

portable laddres should not be placed in ______ areas unless no other alternative is available

Back 80

high traffic areas

Front 81

Two common techniques for raising portable ladders are the ______ and the ______.

Back 81

beam raise
rung raise

Front 82

A beam raise and is typically used when the ladder jmust be raised ____ to the target surface

Back 82

parellel

Front 83

A rung raise is often used when the ladder can be raised from a position ________ to the target surface

Back 83

perpendicular

Front 84

The fire fighter's _____ can pull the ladder against the structure to secure the ladder

Back 84

weight

Front 85

fire fighter can push against the ladder to ____ it

Back 85

heel

Front 86

The climbing angle can be checked by standing on the ____ rung and holding the arm _______

Back 86

bottom
straight out

Front 87

_______________: The ladder protects debris that may fall from the stjructure, but can cause an eye injury if the fire fighter looks up during his or her partner's climb

Back 87

Heeling from under the ladder

Front 88

_____________: This technque allows the heeling fire fighter to survey the building and warm the climber of possible hazards and avoid falling debris

Back 88

Heeling from outside the ladder

Front 89

A rope, a _________, or _____ also can be used to secure a ladder in place

Back 89

rope
rope-hose tool
webbing

Front 90

Before climbing an extension ladder, verify that the ____ are locked and the ____ is secured

Back 90

dogs
halyard

Front 91

Standing at the base of the ladder and extending the ____ straight out is another way to check the _____

Back 91

arms
climbing angle

Front 92

Use a ___________ motion on the rungs of the ladder, or slide both hands along the ______ of the beams while climbing

Back 92

hand over hand
underside

Front 93

To climb a ladder while holding a hand tool, hold the tool _____ with one hand and maintain contact with the _______ with the other hand

Back 93

against one beam
opposite beam

Front 94

Try to maintain contact with the lader at _______ when dismounting

Back 94

three points contact

Front 95

Check the ____ of the rooof before dismounting from the ladder

Back 95

stabillity

Front 96

To remount a ladder under these conditions, back out the window ____ first and rest your ______ on the sill until you can feel the ladder under your ____

Back 96

feet
abdomen
feet

Front 97

__________, Standard on Life Safety Rope and Equipment for Emergency Service

Back 97

NFPA 1983

Front 98

1 Wear appropriate PPE. This equipment should include SCBA when you are operating on the fire ground
2 Choose the proper ladder for the job
3 Choose the proper number of people for the job. Move smoothly, safely, and eficiently, keeping the ladderunder your control at all times
4 Lift ith you legs, keeping your back straight

Back 98

Use proper hand and foot placement during carries, raises, climbing, and lowering of ladder
6 Look overhead for wires and obstrucitons before raising or lowering a ladder. Commjunicate the results of this check by stating ":Clear of Overhead" to your partner
7 Alloow the hel person to take charge of the processes of raising and lowering the lader
8
After exstending an esxtension ladder,m check the pawls (ladder lock) to confirm that they are set
9 Check the ladder for the proper angle. Ensure that the wall or roof will support the ladder before climbing it
10 REmain aware of hazards to yourself and to others
11 Maintain hand contact with the ladder. Watch your hands when climbing up, and watch your legs when climbing down
12 Use an appropriate leg lock or ladder belt when working on a ladder