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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pluton
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The structures that result from the cooling and hardening of magma at depth.
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Sill
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A tabular igneous body formed when magma is injected along sedimentary bedding surfaces. (window sill)
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Laccolith
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A massive igneous body intruded between preexisting strata.
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Dikes
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An intrusive igneous feature that occurs when magma is injected into fractures in the surrounding rock cutting across preexisting rock layers
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Batholith
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The largest intrusive igneous bodies.
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Geothermal gradient
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Change in temperature with depth
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Decompression melting
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A process that generates magma beneath Hawaii where plumes of hot rock melt as they rise towards the surface.
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True or false: most magma forms deep beneath Earth.
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True
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Can plutons be studied after they erode from the surface?
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Yes because once they hit the surface, they have been exposed
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How are plutons classified?
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According to there shape, size, and relationship tot he surrounding rock layers.
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How are sills and laccoliths formed?
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When magma is intruded close to the surface.
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Where do sills form?
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Only at shallow depths, where the pressure exerted by the weight of the overlying rock layers is low.
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How are laccoliths similar to sills?
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They both form when magma is intruded between sedimentary layer close to the surface.
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How are sills and laccoliths different?
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Magma that generates laccoliths is more viscous.
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How are MANY dikes formed?
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When magma from a large magma chamber invades fractures in the surrounding rocks
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An intrusive igneous body must have a surface exposure greater than ________________ to be considered a batholith.
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100 square kilometers.
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Where does magma originate from?
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When solid rock, partially melts.
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What is the most obvious way to generate magma from solid rock?
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Raise the temperature so the rock begins to melt.
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What are 3 ways to generate magma from solid rock?
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Role of heat, role of pressure, and role of water.
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True or false: an increase in pressure causes an increase in the rocks melting temperature
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True
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Water causes rock to melt at _________ temperatures.
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Lower
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