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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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catalyst |
a substance that increases the rate of reaction without being consumed in the overall reaction |
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reaction rate |
the increase in molar concentration of product of a reaction per unit time or the decrease in molar concentration of reactant per unit time
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rate law |
an equation that relates the rate of a reaction to the concentrations of reactants (and catalysts) raised to various powers
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rate constant |
a proportionally constant in the relationship between rate and concentrations
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reaction order |
the exponent of the concentration of a given reactant species in the rate law, as determined expermientally |
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overall order of a reaction |
the sum of the orders of the reactant species in the rate law
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integrated rate law |
a mathematical relationship between concentration and time |
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half-life |
the time it takes for the reactant concentration to decrease to one-half of its initial value
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collision theory |
the theory that in order for reaction to occur, reactant molecules must collide with an energy greater than the minimum value and with proper orientation
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activation energy |
the minimum energy of collision required for two molecules to react |
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transition-state theory |
a theory that explains the reaction resulting from the collision of two molecules in terms of an activated complex (transition state)
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activated complex |
an unstable grouping of atoms that can break up to form products
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arrhenius equation |
expresses the dependence of the rate constant on the temperature
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elementary reaction |
a single molecular event, such as a collision of molecules, resulting in a reaction
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reaction mechanism |
the set of elementary reactions whose overall effect is given by the net chemical equation
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reaction intermediate |
a species produced during a reaction that does not appear in the net equation because it reacts in a subsequent step in the mechanism
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molecularity |
the number of molecules on the reactant side of an elementary reaction
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unimolecular reaction |
an elementary reaction that involves one reactant molecule
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bimolecular reaction |
an elementary reaction that involves two reactant molecules
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termolecular reaction |
an elementary reaction that involves three reactant molecules
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rate-determining step |
the slowest step in a reaction mechanism
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chemisorption |
the binding of a sspecies to a surface by chemical bonding forces
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substrate |
the substance whose reaction an enzyme catalyzes |
