Ch. 4 Genetics Of Cellular Function

Front 1

DNA is a polymer of ___, which consists of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a ___

Back 1

Nucleotides; Nitrogenous base

Front 2

If a DNA molecule were known to be 22% thymine (T), what would be the % id guanine (G) present

Back 2

28%

Front 3

Which of these is the correct sequence from simple to more complex

Back 3

Carbon, nitrogenous base, nucleotide, DNA, chromatin

Front 4

A ___ us composed of a granular cluster of eight proteins called ___ with DNA wound around them

Back 4

Nucleosome; histones

Front 5

What is the complementary DNA base sequence to the DNA strand TGCCAT

Back 5

ACGGUA

Front 6

A ____ contains the necessary info for the production of a molecule of RNA

Back 6

Gene

Front 7

What is all of the DNA in a set of 23 chromosomes referred to as

Back 7

The genome

Front 8

The human genome consists of approximately ___ pairs of nucleotides

Back 8

300,000

Front 9

Copying genetic info for DNA into RNA is called ___; using the info contained in mRNA to make a polypeptide is called ___

Back 9

Transcription; translation

Front 10

Which of the following is NOT directly involved in translation

Back 10

DNA

Front 11

Transcription occurs in the ____, but most translation occurs in the ____

Back 11

Nucleus; cytoplasm

Front 12

____ are turned on or off by regularly proteins in accordance with changing needs for the ____ the encode

Back 12

Genes; proteins

Front 13

Anticodons, codons, and base triples correspond to ____ respectively

Back 13

tRNA, ,mRNA, and DNA

Front 14

After translation, a protein may undergo structural changes called ___ modifications

Back 14

Posttranslational

Front 15

Since there are no gene coding for carbohydrates, nucleic acids, or lipids, how do cells produce them

Back 15

Enzymes encoded by genes synthesize these products

Front 16

The genetic codes is the link between the ___ and the ____ that they represent

Back 16

mRNA codons; 20 amino acids

Front 17

You were able to radioactively tag and thereby trace an amino acid that is used to make insulin, a hormone that will be exported out of the cell. The pathway of the tagged amino acid would be ___

Back 17

rough ER ---> Golgi complex ---> Golgi vesicle ---> extracellular fluid

Front 18

The gene coding for a polypeptide make of 51 amino acids would have a min. of ___ bases

Back 18

153

Front 19

Which of the following is the template for transcription

Back 19

The molecule that carries base triplets

Front 20

What is the product of translation

Back 20

A newly synthesized polypeptide

Front 21

Which molecule contains anticodons

Back 21

a tRNA

Front 22

DNA polymerase is most active during which phase of the cell cycle

Back 22

S

Front 23

The G1 , S1 and G2 phases of the cell cycle are collectively called

Back 23

Interphase

Front 24

All of the following participate in the DNA replication EXCEPT

Back 24

Ribosomes

Front 25

Cytokinesis overlaps with which phase of mitosis

Back 25

Telophase

Front 26

A mutation is

Back 26

a change in DNA structure that might be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

Front 27

DNA replication is called semiconservative because

Back 27

Each daughter DNA consists of one new HELIX and one old HELIX

Front 28

___ opens up one segment of the DNA helix during replication; ___ add complementary free nucleotides to the exposed DNA strand

Back 28

DNA helicase; DNA polymerase

Front 29

Which of these CANNOT cause mutation

Back 29

A mistake made by the RNA polymerase

Front 30

Cell division is stimulated by ___ and suppressed by ___

Back 30

Growth factors; Contact inhibition

Front 31

The stage at which chromosomes aggregate along the equator of a cell is

Back 31

Metaphase

Front 32

Which of these processes occurs during a cell's first gap (G1) phase

Back 32

The cell synthesizes proteins and grows

Front 33

Sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of a cell during ___ of the cell cycle

Back 33

Anaphase

Front 34

Chromatin shortens and thickens, coiling into compact rods during ___ of mitosis

Back 34

Prophase

Front 35

which of the following omits some stage of the cell cycle

Back 35

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis

Front 36

A karyotype shows the ___ chromosomes sorted and isolated from a cell in ___

Back 36

46; Metaphase

Front 37

Which of these is NOT found in the karyotype of a normal human male

Back 37

46 Chromatids

Front 38

A cell finishing mitosis has ___ DNA molecules, while a cell finishing DNA replication has ___ DNA molecules

Back 38

46; 92

Front 39

If one allele is not phenotypically expressed in the presence of another, we say that it is a ___ allele

Back 39

Recessive

Front 40

Hemophilia is caused by a sex-linked recessive allele. This means that

Back 40

A son who has hemophilia inherited the allele form his MOTHER

Front 41

Eye color is caused by genes at multiple loci. This phemomenon is called

Back 41

Polygenic inheritance

Front 42

Germ cells have ___ unpaired chromosomes and are thus called

Back 42

23; haploid

Front 43

The allele for cleft chin (C) is dominate to the allele for uncleft chin (c). A male and female who are both heterozygous for cleft chin have a child. what is the chance that this child will have a cleft chin

Back 43

25%

Front 44

The alleles possessed by all members of a population collectively are called the

Back 44

Gene pool

Front 45

In familial hypercholesterolemia, indiviuals with two abnormal alleles die of heart attacks in childhood, those with only one abnormal allele typically die as young adults, and those with two normal alleles are normal life expectancies. This exemplifies

Back 45

Incomplete dominance

Front 46

All of the bodies nonreproductive cells, called ___ usually have 23 pairs of chromosomes and are thus called ___ cells

Back 46

Somatic cells; diploid

Front 47

Which of the following is NOT a function found in RNA

Back 47

Thymine

Front 48

Genes produce their products

Back 48

as their products are not needed or not

Front 49

Cells undergo decision when which of the following conditions have been met

Back 49

They have grown large enough and replicated their DNA