Ch. 12 Autonomic Nervous System

Front 1

autonomic nervous system

Back 1

innervates all effector organs and tissues in the body except the skeletal muscles, including cardiac muscle, the smooth muscle found in blood vessels and various visceral organs (stomach & respiratory airways), glands (sweat glands, salivary glands, and some endocrine glands), and adipose tissue.

INVOLUNTARY nervous system

Front 2

ANS

Back 2

sympathetic
parasympathetic

Front 3

dual innervation

Back 3

both branches of the ANS innervate most organs, an arrangement known as _____ __________.

Front 4

parasympathetic

Back 4

The ____________ nervous system is most active during resting conditions, when it both stimulates the digestive organs inhibits the cardiovascular system.

Front 5

sympathetic

Back 5

In the ___________ nervous system it is mostly active during peroids of excitation or physical activity, when it coordinates a group of physiological changes known as the fight or flight response.

Front 6

fight or flight response

Back 6

in sympathetic nervous system

prepares body to cope w/ threatening situations.

increases heart contractions

Front 7

homeostasis

Back 7

The primary function of the ANS is to regulate the function of effector organs in order to maintain _____________.

Front 8

parasympathetic

Back 8

At rest, both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system are active, but the _____________ dominates.

Front 9

autonomic
CNS

Back 9

In the _________ pathways, two neurons transmit info from the ___ to an effector organ.

Front 10

preganglionic
synapses

Back 10

The _____________ neuron originates in the CNS and travels to a ganglion in ther periphery, where it _________ w/a postganglionic neuron that innervates one of several types of effector organ.

Front 11

neuroeffector junction

Back 11

the synapse btwn an efferent neuron and its effector organ

Front 12

variosities

Back 12

Neurotransmitters are released from numerous swellings located at intervals along the axons of these neurons called ____________.

Front 13

variosities

Back 13

neurotransmitters are synthesized and then stored in vesicles.
usual voltage-gated K+ and Na+ channels the support propagation of action potentials.
contain Ca+ channels too.

Front 14

visceral reflexes

Back 14

automatic changes in the functions of organs that occur in response to changing conditions w/in the body.

Front 15

hypothalamus
pons
medulla oblongata

Back 15

What are the 3 major area of the brain that regulate autonomic function?

Front 16

hypothalamus

Back 16

The ______________ initiates the fight-or-flight response to elicit widespread activation of the S.N.S. when a person is in danger or is otherwise excited.

Front 17

hypothalamus

Back 17

The ____________ contains the regulatory centers for body temp., food intake, and water balance, all of which are regulated in some way by autonomic efferent neurons.

Front 18

medulla oblongata
pons

Back 18

The ________ __________ and ____ contaqin cardiovacular and respiratory regulatory centers that control the heart, blood vessels, and smooth muscle in respiratory airways and regulate automatic breathing patterns do not require conscious thought.

Front 19

autonomic reflexes

Back 19

pupillary light reflex
accommadation reflex
vomiting reflex
swallowing reflex

Front 20

emotions

Back 20

________ have a strong effect on activity of the ANS and thus affect the functions of effector organs controlled by it.

Front 21

ANS

Back 21

nausea
motion sickness
sweating