Ch. 1 Intro To Computing

Front 1

Industry standard for the type of connection to the motherboard
used by peripherals (i.e. mouse, screen, etc...)

Back 1

16-bit bus

Front 2

Counting devices using beads on wires

Back 2

Abacus

Front 3

Two devices created by Charles Babbage that provided the basis
for future calculation/tabulation machines & technology.

Back 3

Analytical Engine/Difference Engine

Front 4

Considered by many to be the first electronic digital computer

Back 4

Atanasoff-Berry computer (ABC)

Front 5

Smallest unit of information on a computer

Back 5

Bit

Front 6

Wafer, usually made of silicon, that has held anywhere from 10's
of transistors (in the 1960s) to millions (currently).

Back 6

Chip

Front 7

Program designed to assemble & translate computer
instructions, assisting programmers in their code writing

Back 7

Compiler

Front 8

Time frames in computer history, each indicated by the most
significant technological innovations of that era.

Back 8

Computer generations

Front 9

Chart used as part of a manual counting system

Back 9

Counting table

Front 10

* Aka: ENIAC
*Considered the first electronic digital computer with programmable logic (1946)

Back 10

Electronic Numerical Integrator & Computer

Front 11

Removable component designed to store data/files on a disk for
future use

Back 11

Floppy disk drive

Front 12

*Aka: GUI
*Common variation of operating systems; systems use icons & require the user to select the proper picture on the screen, usually with a mouse

Back 12

Graphical user interface

Front 13

*Aka: ISA
*Design agreed upon as the standard so that all computers made have similar basic setups & can share peripheral components

Back 13

Industry Standard Architecture

Front 14

A series of transistors & the components to run them placed on 1 chip

Back 14

Integrated circuit (IC)

Front 15

Portable computer

Back 15

Laptop

Front 16

Repetition of instructions; often refers to those in a computer
program

Back 16

Looping

Front 17

Technology in which data are held on magnetized disks rather than punched cards or paper tape

Back 17

Magnetic data storage memory

Front 18

Very large computer designed to support several users & run
several programs at once

Back 18

Mainframe computer

Front 19

Mechanical computing machine designed to complete several
sequences of calculations at once (late 1930s+)

Back 19

Mark I

Front 20

A single chip that can run the processing for an entire computer

Back 20

Microprocessor

Front 21

Similar in capability to a mainframe but much smaller

Back 21

Minicomputer

Front 22

Integrated circuits that are placed on one substrate together

Back 22

Monolithic integrated circuits

Front 23

Derived by Intel cofounder Gordon Moore in 1965; states that the # of transistors & amount of “data density” on each chip will continue to double every 12–18 mos for the
“foreseeable future.”

Back 23

Moore’s Law

Front 24

The main base for computer circuitry in a system

Back 24

Motherboard

Front 25

Sets of programs built into the system that control its functions

Back 25

Operating systems

Front 26

Part of the 4th generation of computers; small enough to sit
on a desktop; made possible by the invention of the
microprocessor

Back 26

Personal computer (PC)/ Microcomputer

Front 27

Handheld computer peripheral/stand-alone computer that is used to hold calendars, business contact information, etc. & can link to a personal computer

Back 27

Personal digital assistant (PDA)

Front 28

Capability of the computer to respond to a series of instructions

Back 28

Programmable logic

Front 29

Heavy paper or metal card with a series of holes used as a means of manipulating a mechanical device (such as a Jacquard loom) or programming a computer; also a means of providing both input & o/put (series of holes indicates alphanumeric characters, instructions, etc.).

Back 29

Punched card

Front 30

The fastest, most highly sophisticated type of computer used for the most complex of tasks (cost prohibits general use).

Back 30

Supercomputer

Front 31

Device that can transmit electrical impulses & modulate current

Back 31

Transistor

Front 32

Transistor-based computer used by the military for missiles
(1957)

Back 32

Transistor Test Computer (TRANSTEC)

Front 33

1st commercially available computer (1951)

Back 33

Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC)

Front 34

A more user-friendly approach to applications such as word
processing in which what appears on the screen is exactly what will be printed

Back 34

“What you see is what you get” (WYSIWYG)

Front 35

Presented by Tim Berners-Lee in 1991, this browser/ editor has become the basis for the international info exchange known as the Internet

Back 35

World Wide Web (WWW.)

Front 36

What does ABC stand for?

Back 36

Atanasoff-Berry computer

Front 37

What does ENIAC stand for?

Back 37

Electronic Numerical Integrator & computer

Front 38

What does GUI stand for?

Back 38

Graphical user interface

Front 39

What does ISA stand for?

Back 39

Industry Standard Architecture

Front 40

What does IC stand for?

Back 40

Integrated circuit

Front 41

What does PC stand for?

Back 41

Personal computer

Front 42

What does PDA stand for?

Back 42

Personal digital assistant

Front 43

What does TRANSTEC stand for?

Back 43

Transitor Test Computer

Front 44

What does UNIVAC stand for?

Back 44

Universal Automatic Computer

Front 45

What does WYSIWYG stand for?

Back 45

"What you see is what you get"

Front 46

What does WWW. stand for?

Back 46

World wide web

Front 47

Built by John Vincent Atanasoff & Clifford Berry at Iowa State
University from 1937 to 1942.

Back 47

ABC (Atanasoff-Berry Comp)

Front 48

Usually made of silicon

Back 48

Chip

Front 49

Built from 1937 - 1942

Back 49

ABC (Atanasoff-Berry Comp)

Front 50

Created by Charles Babbage

Back 50

Analytical Engine/Difference engine

Front 51

Made in 1946

Back 51

ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator & Comp)

Front 52

Icons that you click on to open up the program

Back 52

GUI (graphical user interface)

Front 53

Made in the late 1930s+

Back 53

Mark I

Front 54

Derived by Intel cofounder Gordon Moore in 1965

Back 54

Moore's Law

Front 55

This was made possible by the invention of the microprocessor

Back 55

PC (personal comp/microcomp)

Front 56

Made in 1957

Back 56

TRANSTEC (Transistor Test Comp)

Front 57

Presented by Tim Berners-Lee

Back 57

WWW (World wide web)

Front 58

Made in 1951

Back 58

UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Comp)

Front 59

Presented in 1991

Back 59

WWW (World wide web)