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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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21. Presentation Children w/ASD?
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a. Often asymptomatic and discovered inadvertently on routine PE.
b. Large defects may cause mild growth failure and exercise intolerance not appreciated except in retrospect after defect closure. |
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22. Murmur of ASD?
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a. Second heart sound splitting that does not vary normally w/respiration “fixed splitting”
b. And c. A systolic murmur at the left upper and midsternal borders caused by high-volume blood flow from the right ventricle into the normal pulmonary artery. d. The murmur is NOT blood flowing across the ASD itself. e. A lower left sternal border diastolic murmur produced by increased flow across the tricuspid may be present. |
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23. CXR for ASD?
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a. Enlarged right atrium, right ventricle, and pulmonary artery
b. ↑d pulmonary vascularity. |
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24. ECG for ASD?
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a. Shows right ventricular hypertrophy and sometimes right-axis deviation.
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25. Prognosis of ASD?
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a. Well-tolerated in childhood but can lead to pulmonary HTN in adulthood.
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26. Isolated patent foramen ovale?
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a. Usually
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27. Atrioventricular Septal Defect (aka AV canal or endocardial cushion defect)?
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a. Consists of a contiguous atrial and ventricular septal defect as well as abnormal AV (ie, mitral and tricuspid) valves.
b. This acyanotic lesion requires correction in infancy to prevent cardiac failure and associated complications. |
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28. Is Atrioventricular septal defect a cyanotic condition?
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a. No.
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29. Tx of Atrioventricular Septal Defect?
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a. This acyanotic lesion requires correction in infancy to prevent cardiac failure and associated complications.
b. Surgical correction is performed in infancy. |
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30. Presentation of Atrioventricular septal defect?
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a. A systolic murmur of large pulmonary flow is present, and a lower left sternal border diastolic murmur is heard.
b. The 2nd heart sound may be widely split |
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31. CXR and ECG for Atrioventricular Septal Defect?
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a. Show cardiac enlargement.
b. Pulmonary vasculature is increased on the chest film. |
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32. Prognosis of Atrioventricular Septal Defect?
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a. Left untreated, these children develop:
1. Cardiac failure 2. Growth failure 3. Recurrent pulmonary infections in infancy. ii. Pulmonary HTN develops w/eventual right-to-left shunting and cyanosis. |
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33. In whom is Atrioventricular Septal Defect common?
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a. Down syndrome.
b. While VSD is also common in T21, the multitude of heart murmurs and ECG findings point to Atrioventricular Septal Defect. |
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34. When is a non-cyanotic heart lesions suspected?
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a. In a child who had a new heart murmur w/o a corresponding ↑ in oxygen requirements.
b. The murmur, not heard at birth, becomes evident after the pulmonary vascular resistance falls. |
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35. Closure of PDA?
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a. Indomethacin
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36. Keep PDA open?
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36. Keep PDA open?
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37. What are acyanotic heart lesions characterized by physiologically?
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a. Shunting of blood from left to right.
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a. Shunting of blood from left to right.
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a. VSD (most common)
b. ASD c. PDA d. Arteriovenous canal. |
