Cerebellum

Front 1

What is the function of the Paleocerebellum (spinocerebellum)

Back 1

1) Sensory information from muscle and tendon spindle receptors via spinocerebellar tract
2) regulate muscle tone and synergy esp. in trunk and limb girdles
3) esp. for automatic movements walking, standing, posture
4) made of vermis and paleovermis

Front 2

What is the function of Archicerebellum?

Back 2

1) sensory information from vestibular system, maintain equilibrium
2) Flocculonodular lobe
3) balance and eye movement

Front 3

What is the function of Neocerebellum (pontocerebellum)?

Back 3

1) afferent info from motor cx. via pontine nuclei and middle cerebellar peduncle
2) skilled, learned voluntary movements w/ hands, hand-eye coordination
3) lateral hemispheres
4) only in higher primates
5) lesion=intention tremors

Front 4

General functions of cerebellum functional lobes?

Back 4

Balance: floccular+vermis
Posture: paravermal+vermal
Skilled movements: neocerebellum

Front 5

What is the only output from the cerebellar cortex?

Back 5

Purkinje cells

Front 6

What is the only excitatory neuron in the cerebellar cortex?

Back 6

Granule cells

Front 7

What tracts make up mossy fiber?

Back 7

1) Vestibulocerebellar
2) reticulocerebellar
3) spinocerebellar
4) pontocerebellar

Front 8

What are the parts of the vestibular ear?

Back 8

1) Crista Ampullari
2) Utricle
3) Saccule
-Go to Scarpa's Ganglia in petros of temporal bone

Front 9

What makes up the Guillain Mollaret Triangle?

Back 9

Dentate Nucleus to Red nucleus to Inferior Olive to (both ways) dentate

Front 10

What is synergy?

Back 10

Co-operation or co-ordination in muscle action

Front 11

What is Dyssnergy (asynergy)

Back 11

Range, direction, amplitude, and force of muscle contractions are inappropriate. leads to dysmetria and dysdiadochokinesia

Front 12

What is ataxia (dystaxia)?

Back 12

-asynergic disturbance-distortion of volutary and associated movements
- involves axial, shoulder, pelvic girdle muscles
- broad gait, reels, stumbles, lurches
- unsteadiness when standing with feet close and eyes closed

Front 13

What is decomposition of movement

Back 13

Asynergy in muscle groups movements are separated into puppet-like movement

Front 14

What is Dysmetria?

Back 14

loss of ability to gauge distance, speed, or power of movement
- finger overshoots or underestimates when aiming for target

Front 15

What is Hypasthenia (asthenia)?

Back 15

1) Decrease of muscle strength
2) Muscles tire easily
3) slowness of movements

Front 16

What is hypotonia?

Back 16

Muscle flaccidity with decrease in resistance to passive movement of joints

Front 17

What is diadochokinesia?

Back 17

Rapid alternating movements i.e. hand flipping, flex/extend fingers

Front 18

What is Dysdiadochokinesia (adiadochokinesia)?

Back 18

Rapidly alternating movements performed clumsily, slowly or not at all

Front 19

das Verhältnis, -se

Back 19

condition, relation, situation

Front 20

What happens in a flocculonodular lobe (archicerebellar) lesion?

Back 20

1) trunk and gait affected-dysequilibrium
2) wide base walking
3) trunk sways when walking or unsteady when standing
4) stagger when walking
5) cerebellopontine angle tumor
6) lateral medullary syndrome (PICA, Wallenberg)

Front 21

What happens in an anterior lobe or paleocerebellum lesion?

Back 21

1) related to alcoholism or malnutrition
2) affects trunk and legs
3) dystaxia of gait and stance
4) uncoordinated legs
5) trunk dystaxia (bobs)
6) if in anterior vermis may tend to fall forward