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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pure Substance |
Matter than has a fixed or definite composition. It is composed of an element (1 type of atom) or compound (2 or more types), held together by chemical means |
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Atom |
Smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical properties |
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Physical properties that can be observed and measured |
Melting point and Density |
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Definite volume and shape |
Liquid |
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Definite volume but shape can change |
Liquid |
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No definite volume or shape |
Has |
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What is a Physical Change |
Changing the state, but not the composition |
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What is a chemical change |
Changing the composition of the original substance that has a different formula and properties |
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What is a homogenous mixture |
Mixture is uniform Example- Cordial |
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What is a heterogeneous mixture |
Mixture that is not uniform Example- cereal and milk, oil and water |
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Metal Characteristics |
Luster, thermal/electrical conductivity, malleable, ductile, high density, high melting point |
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Non-metal characteristics |
Abscence of luster, poor thermal/electrical conductivity, many are gases, low density, low melting point |
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Why do elements want a full shell? |
To be like a noble gas which is stable. It fills the octet rule which has their outer most shell full and therefore stable |
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Ionic Compounds |
Always have a metal and a non-metal in their chemical formula. They are made up of ions. Consists of positive ions (cations) and negative ions (anions). Loose or gain electrons to to fulfil octet rule. |
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Covalent Compounds |
When two non-metals combine. They share valence electrons that are similar to fulfil the octet rule. |
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Naming Ionic Compounds |
Write metal element first and leave alone. The non-metal changes to ‘ide’ at the end. |
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Naming Covalent Compounds |
Numerical Prefixes for the elements. Change the last elements to have ‘ide’ |
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Conditions for a reaction to occur |
Collisions- reactants need to collide to break bonds Orientations- align correctly to break and form bonds Energy- provide energy for activation |
