Cb

Front 1

What are three distinct functions of the cerbellum?

Back 1

1. Fine motor control
2. Balance
3. Motor Programs

Front 2

What is the name of the last branch of the cellebelar vermis?

Back 2

The nodule

Front 3

What is the tonsil of the cerebellum part of?

Back 3

The actual cerebellar hemisphere not the vermis

Front 4

What are the three parts of the cerebellum?

Back 4

1. Archicerebellum
2. Paleocerebellum
3. Neocerebellum

Front 5

What part of the cerebellum is associated with the archicerebellum?

Back 5

Flocculi and the nodule

Front 6

What part of the cerebellum is associated with the paleocerebellum?

Back 6

Veris and paravermis

Front 7

What part of the cerebellum is associated with the neocerebellum?

Back 7

The lateral portions of the cerebellar hemispheres

Front 8

What functions are associated with the archicerebellum?

Back 8

Control of vestibular and eye structures

Front 9

What functions are associated with the paleocerbellum?

Back 9

Axial musculature

Front 10

What functions are associated with the neocerebellum?

Back 10

Distal musculature

Front 11

What are the four cerebellar nuclei?

Back 11

1. Denate nucleus
2. Emboliform nucelus
3. Globose nucleus
4. Fastigial nucleus

Front 12

What nucleus is associated with the neocerebellum?

Back 12

Dentate nucleus

Front 13

What nuclei are associated with the paleocerebellum? What are they collectively called?

Back 13

1. Emboliform and Globose
2. Interposed nucleus

Front 14

What nucleus is associated with the archicerebellum?

Back 14

Fastigial nucleus

Front 15

The dentate nucleus is also associated with what network? What other things are associated with this nucleus and what are their connections?

Back 15

1. Mollaret's Triangle
2. Red Nucleus and Inferior Olivary Nucleus
3. Central Tegmental Tract (RN to ION) and Olivocerebellar Tract (ION to DN)

Front 16

What are the three alternative names to the cerebellar peduncles?

Back 16

1. Superior - Branchium Conjunctivum
2. Middle - Branchium Pontis
3. Inferior - Restiform

Front 17

If one is looking with the cerebellum removed, what will be the penducle you see at the level of the fourth ventricle?

Back 17

The middle or branchium pontis peduncle

Front 18

True or False: The cerebellum has pretty much the same circuitry no matter what part of it you are looking at.

Back 18

True

Front 19

How many primary layers are present in the cerebellum? What are they and what are their anatomical positions?

Back 19

1. Three
2. Molecular - outtermost
3. Purkinje - middle
4. Granular - deep

Front 20

How would you describe the molecular layer?

Back 20

Acellular

Front 21

How would you describe the purkinje layer?

Back 21

Huge neurons

Front 22

How would you describe the granular layer?

Back 22

Very cellular layer mainly composed of granular cells but also has some other cell types

Front 23

Where is the purkinje axon projected?

Back 23

Into the granular layer

Front 24

What type of cells seem hidden in the granular layer?

Back 24

Golgi cells

Front 25

What are the only excitatory cells in the cerebellum?

Back 25

The granular cells

Front 26

All cells in the cerebellum are (inhibitory/excitatory) except the granular cells.

Back 26

Inhibitory

Front 27

There are two interneurons loctaed in the molecular layer. What are they called?

Back 27

1. Basket cell
2. Stellate cell

Front 28

What are the two types of input fibers the cerebellum receives?

Back 28

1. Mossy fibers
2. Climbing fibers

Front 29

What are the fibers the are given off by granular cells called?

Back 29

Parallel fibers

Front 30

Where do climbing fibers originate and what is their function?

Back 30

1. Inferior olivary nucleus
2. Excitatory

Front 31

What type of fiber is located on every branch of a purkinje neuron's dendritic tree?

Back 31

Climbing fiber

Front 32

What type of fiber is anything that enters into the cerebellum yet does not climb on every branch of a dendritic tree called? What do they end up synapsing on?

Back 32

1. Mossy fiber
2. Granular cells

Front 33

What do the parallel fibers from granular cells end up making connections with (4)?

Back 33

1. Purkinje neurons
2. Stellate cells
3. Basket cells
4. Golgi cells

Front 34

What does the basket cell project to?

Back 34

The cell body of the purkinje neuron

Front 35

What does the stellate cell project to?

Back 35

The dendritic tree of the purkinje neuron

Front 36

What do the two types of interneurons in the molecular layer do?

Back 36

Inhibit the purkinje neuron upon stimulation from parallel fibers.

Front 37

Where do the golgi cells send their projections? What happens when they get there?

Back 37

They send their projections to the molecular layer where they are innervated by the parallel fibers of the granular cells. Once innervated, they feedback and inhibit the granular cells in the granular layer.

Front 38

How would you describe the end of the mossy fiber?

Back 38

Glomerulus

Front 39

What is the ultimate output of the cerebellum?

Back 39

The deep cerebellar nuclei

Front 40

All incoming fibers ALSO send projections where?

Back 40

The deep cerebellar nuclei

Front 41

The cerebellum is modulated by what NT?

Back 41

Norepinepherine

Front 42

What sets the tone of muscles?

Back 42

Muscle spindles

Front 43

How many spinocerebellar tracts are there and what are their names?

Back 43

1. Four
2. Ventral, dorsal, rostral and cueno SCTs

Front 44

Which spinocerebellar tracts go to the legs?

Back 44

Dorsal and ventral

Front 45

Which spinocerebellar tracts go to the arms?

Back 45

Cuneo and rostral

Front 46

Which two spinocerebellar nuclei have relay nuclei in the thoracic spinal cord? What are the names of the relay nuceli?

Back 46

1. Cuneo - External Cuneate Nucleus
2. Dorsal - Clarke's Column

Front 47

Which spinocerebellar nuclei go through the superior and inferior cerebellar peduncles?

Back 47

Just the rostral tract

Front 48

Which cerebellar peduncle does the ventral spinocerebellar tract use?

Back 48

The superior cerebellar peduncle

Front 49

Where do you find the spinocerebellar tracts in the spinal cord?

Back 49

The most lateral portion of the lateral funiclus

Front 50

Where does one find the external cuneate nucleus? What is located next to?

Back 50

1. The most rostral part of the medulla.
2. Inferior cerebellar peduncle

Front 51

What does the middle cerebellar peduncle carry? What type of fibers are these primarily?

Back 51

1. The collaterals from the contralaterals from the descending corticospinal tract that synapsed on the pontine nuclei.
2. Mossy

Front 52

Is the superior cerebellar peduncle input or output?

Back 52

Output

Front 53

Which cerebellar nucleus primary sends information through the superior cerebellar peduncle?

Back 53

Dentate nucleus

Front 54

What is special about the superior cerebellar peduncle?

Back 54

It decussates

Front 55

What are the three alternative names for the archi, paleo and neocerebellum?

Back 55

1. Vestibulocerebellum - archicerebellum
2. Cerebrocerebellum - neocerebellum
3. Spinocerebellum - paleocerebellum

Front 56

Where do most of the outputs of the dentate nucleus end up?

Back 56

The thalamus (VA/VL) which go to the motor cortex

Front 57

When you are uncoordinated the problem is located in which division of the cerebellum?

Back 57

Neocerebellum/Cerebrocerebellum

Front 58

When nystagmus is present, the problem is probably located in which division of the cerebellum?

Back 58

Archicerebellum/Vestibulocerebellum

Front 59

What is another word for uncoordination?

Back 59

Dysmetria

Front 60

What is called when you cannot do rapid alternating movements?

Back 60

Dysdiadochokinesia

Front 61

What is clumsiness of gait?

Back 61

Ataxia

Front 62

What is called when one cannot get their gait started?

Back 62

Apraxia

Front 63

A positive sign of what test can indicate cerebellar problems?

Back 63

Romberg