Call To Freedom Ch. 18

Front 1

Wilmot Proviso

Back 1

Proposal to outlaw slavery in the territory added to the United States by the Mexican session; passed in the House, but defeated in teh Senate.

Front 2

Sectionalism

Back 2

A devotion to the interests of one geographic region rather than the whole country.

Front 3

Popular Sovereignty

Back 3

Principle that would allow voters in a particular territory to decide whether to ban or permit slavery.

Front 4

Free-Soil Party

Back 4

Political party formed in 1848 by antislavery northerners who left the Whig and Democratic Parties because neither addressed the slavery issue.

Front 5

Compromise of 1850

Back 5

Agreement proposed by Henry Clay that allowed California to enter the Union as a free state and divided the rest of the Mexican Cession into two territories where slavery would be decided by popular sovereignty; settled land claims between Texas and New Mexico, aboloshed slave trade in Washington, and strengthened the Fugitive Slave Act.

Front 6

Fufitive Slave Act

Back 6

Law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves; allowed for the arrest of escaped slaves in areas where slavery was illegal and required their return to slaveholders.

Front 7

Uncle Tom's Cabin

Back 7

Antislavery novel written by Harriet Beecher Stowe that showed northerners the violent reality of slavery and drew many people to the abolitionists' cause.

Front 8

Anthony Burns

Back 8

Fugitive slave from Virginia, arrested and jailed in Boston; group of abolitionists tried to rescue him by force. He was eventually returned to slavery in Virginia.

Front 9

Henry Clay

Back 9

Came up with a five part compromise plan that later developed in to the Compromise of 1850.

Front 10

Daniel Webster

Back 10

Senator who supported Henry Clay's compromise plan.

Front 11

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Back 11

Law that allowed voters in Kansas and Nebraska to choose whether to allow slavery.

Front 12

Pottawatomie Massacre

Back 12

Incident in which abolitionist John Brown and seven other men murdered pro-slavery Kansans.

Front 13

Franklin Pierce

Back 13

nominated for the presidency by the Democratic party in 1852.

Front 14

Charles Sumner

Back 14

Delivered a speech entitled, "The Crime Against Kansas" in which he criticized the actions of the proslavery people in that territory.

Front 15

Stephen Douglas

Back 15

Introduced the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

Front 16

Charles Sumner

Back 16

Delivered a speech entitled, "The Crime Against Kansas" in which he criticized the actions of the proslavery people in that territory.

Front 17

Preston Brooks

Back 17

Beat Charles Sumner unconcious with a walking stick; nicknamed "Bully Brooks" by some. Punishment was a $300 fine.

Front 18

Preston Brooks

Back 18

Beat Charles Sumner unconcious with a walking stick; nicknamed "Bully Brooks" by some. Punishment was a $300 fine.

Front 19

Republican Party

Back 19

Political party formed in the 1850s to stop the spread of slavery in the West.

Front 20

James Buchanan

Back 20

Elected president in 1856.

Front 21

John C. Fremont

Back 21

Republican presidential candidate in 1856; defeated by James Buchanan.

Front 22

Dred Scott

Back 22

Slave of Dr. John Emerson,taken with Dr. Emerson on tours of duty in Illinois and northern part of Louisiana Purchase. Became slave of Emerson's wife when Emerson died. Scott sued for his freedom saying he had become free when living in free territory.

Front 23

Dred Scott Decision

Back 23

U.S. Supreme Court ruling that declared African Americans were not U.S. citizens, that the Missouri Compromise's restriction on slavery was unconstitutional, and that Congress did not have the right to ban slavery in any federal territory.

Front 24

Roger B. Taney

Back 24

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court during the Dred Scott Decision; wrote the majority opinion. From a slaveholding family in Maryland.

Front 25

Lincoln-Douglas debates

Back 25

series of seen debates between Republican Abraham Lincoln and Democrat Stephen Douglas during the 1858 U.S. Senate campaign in Illinois.

Front 26

Freeport Doctrine

Back 26

Statement made by Stephen Douglas during the Lincoln-Douglas debates by pointing out how people could use popular sovereignty to determine if their state or territory should permit slavery.

Front 27

John Brown's raid

Back 27

Incident in which abolitionist John Brown and 21 other men captured a federal arsenal in Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in hopes of starting a slave rebellion.

Front 28

John C. Breckinridge

Back 28

elected vice president in 1856, nominated for president by southern Democrats in 1860; supported the spread of slavery, and did not believe a Republican victory would justify dissolving the Union.

Front 29

Constitutional Union Party

Back 29

Political party formed in 1860 by a group of northerners and southerners who supported the Union, its laws, and the Constitution.

Front 30

John Bell

Back 30

Presidential candidate for the Constitutional Union Party in 1860. He was a slaveholder, but opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

Front 31

secession

Back 31

The act of formally withdrawing from from the Union.

Front 32

John J. Crittenden

Back 32

Proposed a series of Constitutional amendments to satisfy the South know as the "Crittenden Compromise." One to extend the 36 30'line to the Pacific coast, allowing slavery in all territories south of this line. Another would use federal funds to reimburse slaveholders who were prevented from recovering their fugitive slaves in the North.

Front 33

Confederate States of America

Back 33

Nation formed by the southern states on February 4, 1861; also known as the Confederacy.

Front 34

Jefferson Davis

Back 34

Elected president of the Confederacy; graduate of West Point and a veteran of the Mexican War; Secretary of War under President Pierce and a member of the Senate until Mississippi left the Union.