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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name: Iron Bridge
Designer: Darby Location: England Details: First cast-iron arch bridge |
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Name: Craigellachie Bridge
Designer: Telford Location: Scotland Details: Extremely slender arch that had not been possible previously. Note the Medieval Towers |
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Name: Menai Suspension Bridge
Designer: Telford Location: Wales Details: The bridges lightness and thinness represent new engineering designs and NEW POLITICS |
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Name: Rouzat Viaduct
Designer: Eiffel Location: France Details: Towers flaring at base show beginnings of Eiffels design aesthetic |
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Name: Maria Pia Bridge
Designer: Eiffel Location: Portugal Details: Arch goes over truss |
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Name: Garabit Viaduct
Designer: Eiffel Location: France Detials: Arch UNDER truss, much better than maria pia AND greatest work of structural art ever built in iron arch form |
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Name: Niagra Cantilever Bridge
Designer: Roebling Location: Niagra Falls Details: Made of wood, iron, and stone. Significantly lighter than Britannia. Top deck RR, bottom deck horses. Disproved theory that suspension bridges could not support trains by lasting for a really long time. Showed Roebling's ability to create great works with minimal materials. Not aesthetically pleasing |
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Name: John A Roebling Bridge at Cincinnati
Designer: Roebling Location: Cincinnati Details: Medieval architecture of towers distinguished by lightness and strength due to judicious use of the buttress |
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Name: Eads Bridge
Designer: Eads Location: St. Louis Details: First major structure built of steel |
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Name: Forth Bridge
Designer: Baker Location: Scotland Details: Baker took known form of cantilever bridge truss and designed it in a new way, creating structural art |
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Name: Hell Gate Bridge
Designer: Lindenthal Location: NYC Details: Longest spanning arch in the world when finished; stone towers and increasing span of double steel chords are distinctive |
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Name: George Washington Bridge
Designer: Ammann Location: NYC Details: Skeleton like feature because towers left uncovered |
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Name: Britannia Bridge
Designer: Stephenson Location: Wales Details: Hollow box forms, highly expensive and heavy |
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Name: Royal Albert Bridge at Saltash
Designer: Brunel Location: Wales Details: Towers support both arch and suspension cables, lighter and better than Britannia bridge |
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Name: Bayonne Bridge
Designer: Ammann Location: Bayonne NJ/Staten Island NY Details: 70% longer in span than Hellgate but significantly lighter despite length |
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Name: Bronx-Whitestone Bridge
Designer: Ammann Location: NYC Details: Showed Amman's aesthetic for slim decks and solid looking steel towers |
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Name: St. Johns Bridge
Designer: Steinman Location: Portland Details: Complex forms contrast with Ammann's simplicity |
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Name: La Veurdre Bridge
Designer: Freyssinet Location: France Details: Spawned ideas of pre stressing concrete |
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Name: Plougestal Bridge
Designer: Freyssinet Location: France Details: Hollow box reinforced concrete arches; |
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Name: Luzancy Bridge
Designer: Freyssinet Location: France Details: First major pre-stressed bridge |
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Name: Felsegg Bridge
Designer: Maillart Location: Switzerland |
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Name: Vessy Bridge
Designer: Maillart Location: Switzerland Details: Looks exactly like the Felsegg bridge, but is characterized by the high ratio of span length to the vertical rise of the crown → had x shaped cross walls |
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Name: Cröt Bridge
Designer: Menn Location: Switzerland Details: Deck-stiffened arch bridge – reinforced concrete |
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Name: Letziwald Bridge
Designer: Menn Location: Switzerland Details: Reinforced concrete |
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Name: Grand Fey Viaduct
Designer: Maillart Location: Switzerland Details: reinforced concrete |
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Name: Llangolen Viaduct
Designer: Telford Location: Wales |
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Name: London Bridge
Designer: Telford Location: England Details: Proposed but never built |
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Name: Maidenhead Bridge
Designer: Brunel Location: England Details: Made of brick |
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Name: Reichenau Bridge
Designer: Menn Location: Switzerland Details: deck stiffened bolygonal (sic?) arch, prestressed concrete |
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Name: Salginatobel Bridge
Designer: Maillart Location: Switzerland Details: 3hinged hollow box arch, reinforced concrete, Maillart’s most famous bridge – extremely inexpensive → demonstrates a pure structural form that is visually integrated with the main span deck |
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Name: Schwandbach Bridge
Designer: Maillart Location: Switzerland Details: deck-stiffened arch, reinforced concrete |
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Name: Stauffacher Bridge
Designer: Maillart Location: Switzerland Details: Long spanning concrete bridge, beat out several other designs for bridges because it elegantly used one clean concrete arch |
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Name: Zuoz Bridge
Designer: Maillart Location: Switzerland Details: Supplies were bought from local suppliers not from large manufacturers, making it economically pleasing → provided an elegance by having a fine concrete finish → weight less than stone while having the same virtues → was just as strong as a 130cm thick stone bridge but with the weight of a 40cm thick stone bridge → The arch is made of curved arch, longitudinal walls, and horizontal roadway slab, which all carry the load together → first bridge built by the ring method, where the scaffolding was only used to support the arch, then the arch supported the construction of the walls, then the walls and the arch supported construction of the slab → load testing resulted in small cracks at the abutments of the Zuoz bridge, but they were determined safe |
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Name: Tavanasa Bridge
Designer: Maillart Location: Switzerland Details: Lighter than the Zuoz Bridge but no less strong, used a relatively small amount of material for a given strength → resulted from a design-competition in which cost was a major factor in awarding the contract → it was a new form that was called elegant by “aesthetically sensitive people” |
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Name: Toss Footbridge
Designer: Maillart Location: Switzerland |
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Name: Valtschielbach Bridge
Designer: Maillart Location: Switzerland Details: U shaped crossing in planning, deck stiffened designed → remarkably think arches |
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Name: Brooklyn Bridge
Designer: Roebling Location: NYC |
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Name: Clifton Suspension Bridge
Designer: Brunel Location: England Details: iron, chain suspension |
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Name: Manhattan Bridge
Designer: Moisseif Location: NYC |
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Name: Tacoma Narrows Bridge
Designer: Moisseif Location: Tacoma, WA Details: It weebled and wobbled and fell into the river. And all the kings horses and all the kings men couldnt put it back together again |
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Name: Golden Gate Bridge
Designer: Strauss Location: San Francisco, CA |
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Name: Felsenau Bridge
Designer: Menn Location: Switzerland Details: à Haunched ingle box structure requires less material than girder of constant depth à haunching costs more, but is more visually striking à single box for wide roadway is unusual, but single box with wide cantilever slabs requires less material than two boxes, and is cost saving – box becomes narrower near supports |
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Name: Queensboro Bridge
Designer: Lindenthal Location: NYC |
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Name: Salvanei Bridge
Designer: Menn Location: Switzerland |
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Name: Sunniburg Bridge
Designer: Menn Location: Switzerland Details: notable for flared pylons – solves two structural problems – resists bending mment due to live load on only one span and prevents that load from causing large deflections in the deck, and the lateral flare allows cables to remain straight and follow the roadway curve – excellent interplay of aesthetics and efficiency à the prevention of live-bending + many cables supporting deck allows for the roadway slab to be very thin à structural art because it has no flaws in its structural system – avoided high cost relative to its artistic quality |
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Name: Buildwas Bridge
Designer: Telford Location: England |
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Name: Bonar Bridge
Designer: Telford Location: Scotland Details: like Craigellachi but with 2 other stone arches |
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Name: Mythe Bridge
Designer: Telford Location: England Details: like Craigellachie but X’s face up |
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Name: Millau Viaduct
Designer: Virlogeux Location: France Details: Tallest bridge in the world |
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Name: Leonard P. Zakim Bunker Hill Bridge
Designer: Menn Location: Boston Details: unique cable stayed bridge completed 2002 à two sloping planes of cables anchored along the center line of the bridge deck à Menn saw it as “a maximum of economy and aesthetics at the same time à added new interest to skyline in Boston – stands for the potential of an improved environment through structural art |
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Name: Crestawald Bridge
Designer: Menn Location: Switzerland Details: deck stiffened arch twice the length of Maillart’s longest of that type Tamins, Viamala, Nanin and Cascella bridges all look pretty much the same… Post-WWII: high labor costs, greater use of pre-stressed concrete - could make much longer spans in the hollow-box deck thanks to pre-stressing Believed pre-stressing could replace the arch itself |
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Name: Ganter Bridge
Designer: Menn Location: Switzerland Details: follows Felsenau single box precedent à used same computer based analysis as at Felsenau for curved hollow box behavior à stays encased in concrete walls allowing them to follow curvature (walls become pre-stressed by the stays) à 3 advantages: cables protected from corrosion, no fatigue danger because cables bonded to concrete walls (reducing stress), greater overall safety results à structural efficiency advantage – construction advantage of reducing cantilever scaffoldings to one standard form à Menn’s major motivation was aesthetic, but his use of cable stays and pre-stressed concrete were two major innovations of the 2nd half of the 20th century that allowed him to develop a highly original form (also avoided deep girders and supports) à falls into long traditional – beginning with Telford’s iron arches – a tradition of structures that combined aesthetic with technical ideas |
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Name: Chandoline Bridge
Designer: Menn Location: Switzerland Details: Menn experimenting with new ideas (moved away from pre-stressed hollow box design)– truss like sloping walls add interesting visual elements and make it lighter à cables carry forces from horizontal curvature of bridge |
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Name: Verrazano Narrows Bridge
Designer: Ammann Location: NYC Details: double decked suspension bridge - record span length at 4260 ft. à designed the deck with the 1940 Tacoma Narrows Bridge collapse in mind à solution: tightly constructed trussed box that supported 6 traffic lanes à achieved visially slender deck with none of the wind problems of its predecessors à spareness of towers is elegant à bridge is Amman’s apex – overcame the technical flaws of his previous bridges (GW, Bayonne, Whitestone) à all his works emphasize the elegance, or the visual expressions of efficiency and economy, at a high level |
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Name: Rorschach Warehouse Columns
Designer: Maillart Location: Switzerland Details: Drastically reduced the bending moment of the support beams on the room while minimizing size and materials used |
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Name: Cement Hall
Designer: Maillart Location: Switzerland Details: Symbolizes quality over mass (half was ELEGANT and light and the other half was clunky and fat) |
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Name: Lachen Bridge
Designer: Maillart Loaction: Switzerland Details: Had a playful form while remaining within the discipline of structural art |
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Name: Chatelard Aqueduct
Designer: Maillart Location: Switzerland Details: Used slightly curved slanted columns to contrast nicely with the large horizontal deck |
