Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
This interferon stimulate T cells?
|
IL 2
|
|
|
What interferon stimulates macrophages?
|
interferon gamma
|
|
|
This cytokine inhibits T cells and macrohages?
|
IL 10
|
|
|
These cytokines are B cell stimulators?
|
IL 4 and IL 5
|
|
|
What structures are derived from the FIRST branchial pouch?
|
mastoid air cells, middle ear cavity, and eustachian tubes
|
|
|
What structure is derived from the SECOND branchial pouch?
|
palatine tonsil lining
|
|
|
Structures derived from the THIRD branchial pouch?
|
Thymus and inferior parathyroids
|
|
|
Structure derived from the FOURTH branchial pouch?
|
superior parathyroids
|
|
|
Cytokines produced by TH1 cells?
|
IL2 and INF alpha...activates CD8 cells and macrophages
|
|
|
Cytokines made by TH2 cells (regulates humoral response)
|
IL 4, IL 5, and IL10....causes activation of B cells and Ab formation
|
|
|
This cytokine inhibits Th1 cells.....the cell mediated response?
|
IL 10
|
|
|
This cytokine inhibits TH2 cells....the humoral response?
|
interferon gamma
|
|
|
This cytokine activates macrophages?
|
interferon gamma
|
|
|
Name given to monocytes in the following tissues...
(1) blood, alveoli, intestines (2)connective tissue (3)Liver (4) kidney (5)brain (6) Bone |
(1) macrophage
(2)histiocytes (3)kupfer cells (4) mesangial cells (5) microglia (6) osteoclasts |
|
|
Acute phase cytokines made by macrophages?
|
TNF alpha, IL1, and IL 6
|
|
|
Function of macrophages in the spleen?
|
remove encapsulated bacteria...and dyfunctional cells
|
|
|
mneumonic for encapsulated organisms
|
"Even some killers have pretty nice capsules"
(1) E. coli (2) s. pneumo (3) K. pneumo (4) H. Influenzae (5) Pseudomonas (6) N. Meningitidis (7) cryptococcus neoformans |
|
|
mRNA STOP codons
|
UGA, UAA, UAG
|
|
|
Four TF motiffs that allow protein to bind DNA?
|
(1) Helix-loop-helix
(2)Helix-turn-Helix (3) Zinc finger motiff (4) leucine zipper protein |
|
|
What are the eukaryotic RNA polymerases and their products?
|
(1) RNA Poly I-->rRNA
(2) RNA Poly II---> mRNA (3) RNA Poly III---> tRNA |
|
|
Splices out introns
|
splicesome
|
|
|
How is hnRNA processed before it leaves the nucleus?
|
(1) 5 prime cap
(2) Poly A tail (3) splicing out of introns |
|
|
In the lac operon, what enzyme is transcribed to breakdown lactose (glucose and galactose)?
|
beta-galactosidase
|
|
|
Promotes beta galactosidase production in the lac operon?
What inhibits this protein? |
catabolite activating protein (CAP)
glucose |
|
|
Blocks beta galactosidase production in the lac operon?
What inhibits this protein from inhibiting beta galactosidase production? |
lac repressor
presence of lactose |
|
|
What substance inhibits RNA Poly II in eukaryotes causing liver damage?
|
alpha-amanitin...death cap mushrooms
|
|
|
What amino acids are modified by the golgi apparatus?
|
asparagine, serine, and theonine
|
|
|
Works on the 3' end to charge tRNA with an amino acid?
|
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
|
|
|
Factor required for PROKARYOTIC translocation?
|
elongation factor G
|
|
|
Factor required for EUKARYOTIC translocation?
|
elongation factor 2
|
|
|
Where are the following synthesized?
(1) rRNA (2) mRNA and tRNA (3) ribosomes |
(1) nucleolus
(2) nucleoplasm (3) nucleus |
|
|
Binds the 30s and inhibits formation of the initiation complex....causing the misreading of mRNA?
|
aminoglycosides
|
|
|
Binds the 30s preventing attachment of the amino acyl tRNA
|
tetracyclines
|
|
|
Inhibits the 50 s peptidyl transferase
|
chloramphenicol and streptogramins
|
|
|
Targets the 23 srRNA within the 50s subunit blocking translocation?
|
macrolides and linezolid
|
|
|
What gene complex give rise to a protein that initiates VDJ recombination in B and T cells?
|
recombination activating gene (rag1 and rag2)
|
|
|
mneumonic for the types of collagen?
|
a STRONG, SLIPPERY, BLOODY, BM
|
|
|
What enzyme matches amino acids to tRNA?
|
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
|
|
|
What Abx are inhibitors of prokaryotic protein synthesis at the 30s ribosomal subunit?
|
Aminoglycosides(TANGS) and tetracyclines
|
|
|
Features of osteogenesis imperfecta?
|
(type 1 collagen)
(1) brittle bones (2) blue sclerae (3) dental problems (4) hearing loss |
|
|
Features of alport syndrome?
|
kidney disease and hearing loss
|
|
|
What type of collagen is abnormal in Ehlers danlos?
|
type III
|
|
|
What enzyme of the adrenal steroid synthesis pathway is inhibited by ketoconazole?
|
desmolase....converts cholesterol to pregnenolone
|
|
|
What cause of cushing syndrome responds to HIGH dose dexamethasone?
|
ACTH producing pituitary tumor
|
|
|
Associated with anti-histone antibodies
|
drug induced lupus
|
|
|
Associated with C-ANCA
|
wegeners granulomatosis
|
|
|
Autoantibodies seen in SLE?
|
ANA, anti-dsDNA, and anti-smith antibodies
|
|
|
Ig that crosses the placenta and confers immunity to neonates in the first few months of life?
|
IgG
|
|
|
IgG that can be a pentamer?
|
IgM
|
|
|
IgG that can be a dimer?
|
IgA
|
|
|
Main Ig found in mucoserous secretions such as saliva, colustrum, and GU secretions?
|
IgA
|
|
|
Major chemotactic factors for neutrophils?
|
IL 8, c5a, and leukotriene B4
|
|
|
mneumonic for important cytokines?
|
HOT-TBONE stEAk
(1) IL 1-fever (2) IL 2-stimulates T cells (3) IL 3-stimulates bone marrow (4)IL 4-stimulates IgE production (5) IL5-stimulates IgA production |
|
|
What drugs are composed of antibodies against TNF alpha?
|
adalimumab, etanercept, and infliximab
|
|
|
Inhibits inosine monophosphate (IMP) dehydrogenase preventing guanosine from being made?
|
mycophenolate mofetil
|
