Biosphere

Front 1

Pelagic realm

Back 1

Open water

Front 2

Benthic realm

Back 2

The sea floor

Front 3

Aphotic zone

Back 3

Insufficient light for photosynthesis

Front 4

Photic zone

Back 4

Light penetration is sufficient for photosynthesis and phytoplankton can occur

Front 5

Zooplankton

Back 5

Abundant in pelagic photic zone

Front 6

Biomes where ocean interfaces with land or fresh water

Back 6

Intertidal zone, Estuaries, wetlands

Front 7

Intertidal zones

Back 7

Where the ocean meets the land, shore is pounded by waves during tide

Front 8

Estuaries

Back 8

Productive areas where a freshwater stream/river merges with the ocean

Front 9

Wetlands

Back 9

Transitional between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems

Front 10

Pelagic realm image

Back 10

Front 11

Between intertidal zone and benthic realm

Back 11

Continental shelf

Front 12

Two broad categories of freshwater biomes

Back 12

Standing water biomes, flowing water biomes

Front 13

Examples of standing water biomes

Back 13

Lakes and ponds

Front 14

Examples of flowing water biomes

Back 14

Rivers and streams

Front 15

Freshwater biomes are embedded in

Back 15

Terrestrial landscapes

Front 16

Characteristics or freshwater biomes are

Back 16

Intimately connected with the soils and organisms of the ecosystems that surround them

Front 17

9 types of terrestrial biomes

Back 17

1 tropical forest

2 Savanna

3 desert

4 chaparral

5 temperate grassland

6 temperate broadleaf forest

7 tundra

8 high mountains

9 polar ice

Front 18

Terrestrial biomes are distinguished by their

Back 18

Predominant vegetation

Front 19

If the climate is similar then

Back 19

The same type of biome may occur in geographically distant places

Front 20

Tropical forest

Back 20

Occur in equatorial areas

Warm temperatures

Days 11-12 hrs year round

Variable rainfall

Have various species

Human destruction of tropical rain forests endangers species

Front 21

Can have fires

Back 21

Deserts, chaparral, the 2 temperate

Front 22

Have high precipitation

Back 22

Savanna and coniferous forests

Front 23

Largest terrestrial biome

Back 23

Taiga

Front 24

Taiga climate

Back 24

Long cold winters

Short wet summers

Front 25

Coniferous forests are dominated by

Back 25

Cone bearing evergreen trees such as spruce, pine, for and hemlock

Front 26

Temperate rain forests of Coastal Northern America

Back 26

Also have coniferous forests

Front 27

Cover expansive areas of artic between the Taiga and the permanently frozen polar ice

Back 27

Tundra

Front 28

Tundra is treeless and

Back 28

Has permafrost, continuously but frozen subsoil, may receive little precipitation like deserts

Front 29

Polar ice covers

Back 29

Land north of tundra, much of Arctic Ocean and continent of Antarctica

Front 30

Temperature in polar ice biome

Back 30

Extremely cold year round and very low perception

Front 31

Terrestrial polar ice biome is closely interconnected with

Back 31

Neighboring marine biome

Front 32

Are not self contained units

Back 32

Ecological subdivisions like biomes

Front 33

All parts of the biosphere are linked by

Back 33

The global water cycle and nutrient cycle

Front 34

Continuously move water between the land, oceans and atmosphere

Back 34

Precipitation, evaporation, transpiration

Front 35

Temperate broadleaf forests

Back 35

Grow where there is sufficient moisture to support the growth of large trees

Wide temperature range

High annual precipitation 75-150cm

Front 36

Temperate broadleaf forests have growing season of

Back 36

6months and a distinct annual rythm

Front 37

The canopy of temperate broadleaf forests is more

Back 37

Open than of tropical rain forest, and fees or not as TALL or DIVERSE

Front 38

Temperate grasslands

Back 38

Mostly treeless except along rivers or streams

Regions of cold winter temperatures

Periodic droughts

Precipitation 25-75 cm

Front 39

North America temperate grassland have been historically grazed by

Back 39

Bison and pronghorn

Front 40

Very productive farms have replaced

Back 40

Most of North America's temperate grasslands

Front 41

Chaparral have

Back 41

Dense spiny shrubs with tough evergreen leaves

Mild rainy winters

Hot dry summers

Vegetation adapted to periodical fires

Firestorms in Southern California have been devastating

Front 42

Savannas

Back 42

Warm year round

30-50 cm annual rainfall

Dramatic seasonal variation

Grasses and scattered tress

Have insects and dominant herbivores

Front 43

Deserts

Back 43

Driest biome

Low unpredictable rainfall

Cycles of growth and reproduction are keyed to rainfall

Can be very hot or very cold

Front 44

Desertification

Back 44

The conversion of semi arid regions to desert. It's an environmental problem