Biology Unit 2: Cells And Bacteria

Front 1

Anton Von Leeuwenhoek?

Back 1

First to use the microscope, didn't know the organisms in pond water were bacteria.

Front 2

Robert Hooke?

Back 2

Examined cork slices under microscope called box-like structures cells; it stuck, although they were dead cells

Front 3

Matthias Schleiden?

Back 3

All plants are made of cells

Front 4

Theodor Schwann?

Back 4

All animals are made of cells

Front 5

Rudolf Vrichow?

Back 5

All new cells arise only from existing cells.

Front 6

Cell Theory?

Back 6

1. All living things are made of cells.

2. Cells are the basic unit of structure of cells function.

3. New cells are produced by existing cells

Hint 6

3

Front 7

What does the shape determine?

Back 7

The function of the cell.

Front 8

They range in size from ___ meters to ___ micrometers.

Back 8

2, 2

Front 9

Cells that look alike group together in a mass called a ________.

Back 9

Tissue

Front 10

Prokaryotic Cell?

Back 10

-no nucleus (has DNA)

-no membrane (bound organelles)

-2 kingdoms: Archeabacteria, and Eubacteria.

Front 11

Eukaryotic Cell?

Back 11

-membrane bound nucleus

-membrane bound organelles

-4 kingdoms: Protista, fungi, plantae, animalia

Front 12

All cells must have: _________, ____ ____________, ________ ________, _____________.

Back 12

Cytoplasm, cell membrane, genetic material, ribosomes

Front 13

Plant cells?

Back 13

Cell wall, large vacuole, prokaryotic, photosynthesis

Front 14

Animal cells?

Back 14

No cell wall, no vacuole, eukaryotic, lysosomes used for waste

Front 15

Archebacteria? And Eubacteria?

Back 15

A: found in harsh environments

E: most bacteria fit into this

Front 16

Multicellular cells...

Back 16

Consists of more than one cell and have several organ systems

Front 17

What are the parts of bacteria?

Back 17

Prokaryote, unicellular, singular~circular, chromosome, cell wall, cell membrane, ribosomes, flagella or cilia, some are surrounded by a capsule.

Front 18

Bacterial Shapes?

Back 18

1. Cocci-round

2. Spirilla-spiral

3. Bacilli-rod

Front 19

Bacteria Arrangements?

Back 19

1. Diplo- pair

2. Staphylo-cluster

3. Strepto-chain

Front 20

Bacteria is important for...

Back 20

Food production, nitrogen fixation, decomposer, digestion, medicine.

Front 21

Antibiotics have their own mode of ______ specific to how the drug inhibits or destroys bacteria.

Back 21

Action

Front 22

From Antibiotics:

i.

ii.

iii.

Back 22

1. They destroy cell walls and cause cells to burst

2. Inhibits cells ability to make proteins

3. Inhibits cells ability to replicate DNA.

Front 23

They aren't living cause they cannot store not create ________ and also, they cannot ____________ outside of a host cell.

Back 23

Energy

Reproduce

Front 24

Lytic Cycle?

Back 24

Reproduction occurs, cells burst

Front 25

Cytoplasm?

Back 25

Transparent colloid that surrounds the organelles, mostly water (like jello); is in constant motion called "cytoplasmic streaming"

Front 26

What is this?

Back 26

The viral reproduction (lytic and lysogenic)

Front 27

Endoplasmic Reticulum?

Back 27

-folded sacs and tunnels used as a transport system

-"Rough" is covered in ribosomes; functions in protein transport

-"Smooth ER" has no ribosomes; functions in cholesterol synthesis and breakdown, fat metabolism and substance detoxification.

Front 28

Golgi Body? (Complex, Apparatus)

Back 28

- packages cell products for release; these packages travels to the plasma membrane and the contents are ejected to the outside of the cell.

Front 29

Mitochondria?

Back 29

ATP ( the high-energy molecule) is made here using glucose; active cells such as muscles have thousands of mitochondria.

Front 30

Lysosomes?

Back 30

-small and spherical bodies which contains hydrolytic enzymes for digestion of old cells or waste or foreign particles

Front 31

Cytoskeleton?

Back 31

-protein structures in internal framework that determines cell shape, supports other organelles, and provides for various types of cellular movements.

Front 32

Cilli or Flagella?

Back 32

"Hairs" or "tail" used for locomotion.

Front 33

Nucleus?

Nuclear Envelope?

Nucleolus?

Back 33

Nucleus: Controls the center of the cell; contains DNA and controls cell division.

Nuclear Envelope: membrane that surrounds the nucleus and contains pores for transport of materials outside of the nucleus.

Nucleolus: darkly stained area of nucleus, ribosomes are made here

Front 34

Centrioles?

Back 34

They are not rod shaped bodies that lie right angles to each other; made up of fine microtubules; during cell division they direct the formation of my mitotic spindle fibers.

Front 35

Lysogenic Cycle?

Back 35

Reproduction doesn't immediately occur (dormancy)

Front 36

Vacuoles?

Back 36

Stores water, nutrients, etc.

Front 37

What is the "field of view"?

Back 37

The diameter of the circle of light that you see when looking into a microscope

Front 38

If 50x was the magnification... What would be the total magnification?

Back 38

500x

Front 39

Cytoskeleton?

Back 39

-protein structures in internal framework that determines cell shape, supports other organelles, and provides for various types of cellular movements.

Front 40

Cilli or Flagella?

Back 40

"Hairs" or "tail" used for locomotion.

Front 41

Nucleus?

Nuclear Envelope?

Nucleolus?

Back 41

Nucleus: Controls the center of the cell; contains DNA and controls cell division.

Nuclear Envelope: membrane that surrounds the nucleus and contains pores for transport of materials outside of the nucleus.

Nucleolus: darkly stained area of nucleus, ribosomes are made here

Front 42

Centrioles?

Back 42

They are not rod shaped bodies that lie right angles to each other; made up of fine microtubules; during cell division they direct the formation of my mitotic spindle fibers.

Front 43

Vacuoles?

Back 43

Stores water, nutrients, etc.