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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Hypothesis
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A statement on how the independent variable will affect the dependent variable. In if/then form
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Observation
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gaining knowledge of the outside world through the senses, or the recording of data using scientific instruments.
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Data
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information or facts usually collected as the result of experience, observation or experiment,
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Dependent Variable
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The variable that is measured in the experiment. This variable depends on the factor that is changed.
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Independent Variable
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The factor that is changed in an experiment.
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Controlled Experiment
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an experiment that only tests one variable and controls all other outside forces
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Bias
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a preference towards
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polar molecule
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a molecule with a negative pole and a positive pole
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pH Scale
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a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution. Measured on a scale from 0-1
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acid
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a solution with a pH below 7
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base
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a solution with a pH above 7
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density
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mass per unit volume
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inorganic molecule
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molecule that does not contain carbon
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organic molecule
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molecule containing carbon
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solvent
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a liquid or gas that dissolves a solid, liquid, or gaseous solute, resulting in a solution
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buffer
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solutions that is used as a means of keeping pH at a nearly constant value
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carbohydrate
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an organic molecule made of monosaccharides (simple sugars). Provide quick energy for living things.
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monosaccharide
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organic monomers that are the building blocks of carbohydrates (sugar)
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glucose
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carbohydrate produced by plants during photosynthesis that fuels cellular respiration
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cellulose
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carbohydrate made by plants and used as a structural component in the cell wall
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starch
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carbohydrate produced by plants to store energy
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lipids
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the biological molecule that is the main component of the cell membrane and also used to store high energy. Made of the structural components fatty acids and glycerol.
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nucleic acid
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macromolecules that make up RNA and DNA. Contain the organism's genetic infomation for making proteins
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nucleotide
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a three-part unit made of a phosphate, a sugar and a nitrogen base
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DNA
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deoxyribonucleic acid made of macromolecules called nucleic acids. In the form of a double helix, it holds all the genetic information for an organism.
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RNA
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ribonucleic acid. made of macromolecules called nucleic acids. Single stranded message that has been transcribed.
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Protein
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an organic molecule made up of amino acids. These determine the future structure and function of a cell and therefore the traits of the organism. (Enzymes are a type of these)
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amino acid
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The building blocks of proteins which are coded for by RNA.
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enzyme
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Work on specif areas called substrates to speed up chemical reactions. Work best in a narrow range of conditions (pH and temperature)
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substrate
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A molecule upon which an enzyme acts to speed up a reaction
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vitamin
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organic compounds used in the body for healing, clotting, growth, etc.(C, D, K)
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mineral
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an inorganic molecules that are used in cellular processes (calcium, potassium, etc.)
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toxin
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A toxin is a poisonous substance produced by living cells or organisms
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Nucleus
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Control center of the cell. Holds all of a prokaryotic cells DNA
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Organelle
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a specialized subunit within a cell that has a specific function, and is usually separately enclosed within its own lipid membrane.
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Ribosome
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the organelle found in the endoplasmic reticulum that gets instructions from the nucleus on how to assemble proteins
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Mitochondria
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releases energy from glucose to generate ATP.
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Chloroplast
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Takes energy from the sun and stores it as glucose
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Cell Wall
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a tough, flexible and sometimes fairly rigid layer that surrounds some types of cells. It is located outside the cell membrane and provides these cells with structural support and protection, and also acts as a filtering mechanism. (made of cellulose)
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Cilia
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Hair like structures used to increase surface area and movement
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Flagella
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Tail like structure used for movement
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Pseudopodia
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"False foot" Extensions used by amoebas to move and eat.
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