Biology Final Review

Front 1

What are SI units for measuring length and volume?

Back 1

metric system (centimeters, kilometers, etc.)

Front 2

logistic growth curve

Back 2

shows various growth phrases of a population, often ending in a steady state

Front 3

expotential growth curve

Back 3

depicts a sharp rise in population

Front 4

abiotic and biotic factors

Back 4

nonliving and living factors in an environment

Front 5

autotroph and heterotroph

Back 5

organisms that either make food or eat food

Front 6

population and community

Back 6

population= one speices in an area
community= many species in a given area

Front 7

food chain and food web

Back 7

food chain= one simple line of organisms
food web= many complicated, intercrossing lines of organisms

Front 8

habitat and niche

Back 8

habitat= where an organism lives
niche= habitat + job

Front 9

water cycle

Back 9

movement of water (the "source of life") through the biosphere

Front 10

carbon cycle

Back 10

movement of carbon between organisms and the air (atmosphere)

Front 11

nitrogen cycle

Back 11

movement of nitrogen through the biosphere between organisms and the atmosphere

Front 12

phosphorus cycle

Back 12

movement of phosphorus between soil, organisms, and air

Front 13

biome

Back 13

environment with a characteristic climax community

Front 14

climax community

Back 14

relatively stable collection of plants and animals that results from ecological succession

Front 15

limiting factor

Back 15

a factor that prevents a species from reaching its full potential

Front 16

primary succession

Back 16

algae, moss, etc.
come after a natural/man-made disaster

Front 17

secondary succession

Back 17

climax community

Front 18

pioneer species

Back 18

first species to inhabit a place, usually after a natural disaster

Front 19

density dependent factors and density independent factors

Back 19

overcrowding, disease, etc.
and
natural disasters, storms, etc.

Front 20

What are the main elements in living organisms?

Back 20

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

Front 21

What are water's unique properties and how do they affect living organisms?

Back 21

the molecule is slightly charged on each end, which leads to a very strong attraction and bond between various water molecules

Front 22

What are the phases of water?

Back 22

water, ice, gas, vapor

Front 23

compounds and mixtures

Back 23

chemically bonded
mixed together but not chemically

Front 24

covalent and ionic bonds

Back 24

share an electron between the atoms in the bond
give an electron to the other atom in the bond

Front 25

elements and molecules

Back 25

one type of atom
2+ atoms covalently bonded

Front 26

mixtures and solutions

Back 26

2 substances mixed together, not chemically
one substance chemically dissolved in another

Front 27

solvents and solutes

Back 27

a liquid that can dissolve a substance
substance that is dissolved

Front 28

acids and bases

Back 28

1-6.9 on pH scale
7.1-14 on pH scale

Front 29

atomic number and atomic mass

Back 29

number of protons in the nucleus
number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Front 30

monomers and polymers

Back 30

small compounds
larger compounds

Front 31

mono,di,polysaccharides

Back 31

single, double, many sugars

Front 32

hydrolysis and condensation/ dehydration sysnthesis reactions

Back 32

water splitting
remove water

Front 33

organic and inorganic compounds

Back 33

carbon/no carbon in the compounds

Front 34

4 types of organic compounds found in living organisms

Back 34

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

Front 35

enzymes

Back 35

normally proteins, speed up reactions

Front 36

components of a nucleotide

Back 36

5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base

Front 37

basic elements, subunits, function and examples for carbohydrates

Back 37

carbon, two hydrogen for every one oxygen, monosaccharides, hold energy/sugar, glucose, fructose

Front 38

basic elements and subunits for proteins

Back 38

nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, amino group + carboxyl

Front 39

basic elements, subunits, where found, function, and examples for fats/lipids

Back 39

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, glycerol + fatty acids, fatty acids, biological membranes, store energy, comprise biological membranes, cholesterol

Front 40

basic elements, subunits, function and examples for nucleic acids

Back 40

carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, nucleotides, hold genetic info, DNA, RNA

Front 41

cell theory; contributors

Back 41

The theory that all organisms are made of cells, and that all cells come from pre-existing cells. Cells are the structural and functional units of life.
Hooke, Schleiden, Brown, van Leeuwenhoek

Front 42

3 major types of microscopes

Back 42

light, scanning/transmission electron

Front 43

differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Back 43

presence/absence of nuclei; presence/absence of organelles

Front 44

3 basic parts of the cell

Back 44

cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm

Front 45

structures within the cell

Back 45

organelles

Front 46

2 types of endoplasmic reticulum

Back 46

rough ER has ribosomes, smooth ER doesn't have ribosomes

Front 47

how plant and animal cells different?

Back 47

plants have a cell wall and a large vacuole

Front 48

why is regulation of the movement of objects in and out of the cell important

Back 48

so that only what is necessary is there

Front 49

what is homeostasis?

Back 49

process that keeps internal conditions constant

Front 50

why do we say that plasma membranes are selectively permeable?

Back 50

b/c only certain things can pass through