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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The slight negative charge at one end of one water molecule is attracted to the slight positive charge of another watermolecule. What is this attraction called?
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a hydrogen bond
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An example of a hydrogen bond is the bond between
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the H of one water molecule and the O of another water molecule
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Water is able to form hydrogen bonds because
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the bonds that hold together the atoms in a water molecule are polar covalent bonds
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Water's high specific heat is mainly a consequence of the
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absorption and release of heat when hydrogen bonds break and form
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Which type of bond must be broken for water to vaporize
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hydrogen bonds
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Temperature usually increases when water condenses. Which behavior of water is most directly responsible for this phenomenon?
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the release of heat by the formation of hydrogen bonds
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Why does ice float in liquid water?
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Hydrogen bonds stabilize and keep the molecules of ice farther apart than the water molecules of liquid water.
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When an ionic compound such as sodium chloride (NaCl) is placed in water the component atoms of the NaCl crystal dissociate into individual sodium ions (Na+) and chloride ions (Cl-). In contrast, the atoms of covalently bonded molecules (e.g., glucose, sucrose, glycerol) do not generally dissociate when placed in aqueous solution. Which of the following solutions would be expected to contain the greatest number of particles (molecules or ions)?
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1 L of 1.0MNaCl
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The molecular weight of water is 18 daltons. What is the molarity of 1 liter of pure water?
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55.6M
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A given solution contains 0.0001(10) moles of hydrogen ions [H] per liter. Which of the following best describes this solution?
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acidic: H+donor
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What is the pH of a solution with a hydroxyl ion [OH-] concentration of 10-12M?
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pH 2
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What is the pH of a solution with a hydrogen ion [H+] concentration of 10-8M
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pH 8
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If the pH of a solution is increased from pH 5 to pH 7, it means that the
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concentration of OH-is 100 times greater than what it was at pH 5.
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One liter of a solution of pH 2 has how many more hydrogen ions (H) than 1 L of a solution of pH 6?
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10,000 times more
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One liter of a solution pH 9 has how many more hydroxyl ions (OH-) than 1 L of a solution of pH 4?
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100,000 times more
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Carbon dioxide (CO2) is readily soluble in water, according to the equation CO2+ H2O H2CO3. Carbonic acid (H2CO3) is a weak acid. Respiring cells release CO2. What prediction can we make about the pH of blood as that blood first comes in contact with respiring cells?
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Blood pH will decrease slightly
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Equal volumes of vinegar from a freshly-opened bottle are added to each of the following solutions. After complete mixing, which of the mixtures will have the highest pH?
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100 mL of household cleanser containing 0.5M ammonia
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Many mammals control their body temperature by sweating. Which property of water is most directly responsible for the ability of sweat to lower body temperature?
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the absorption of heat by the breaking of hydrogen bonds
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