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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chromophore |
Structures in which e- move easily to higher levels when energy is absorbed. Visible chromophores typically possess extended chains of conjugated double bonds |
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Cori Cycle |
Process in which lactate is released by skeletal muscle during exercise and is transported to the liver for resynthesis of glucose |
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Diabetes Mellitus |
Condition caused by hyposecretion of insulin. Characterised by hyperglycaemia increased urine production, excessive thirst and excessive eating |
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Electrochemical potential |
The diffusion gradient of an ion, representing a type of potential energy that accounts for both the concentration difference of the ion across a membrane and it's tendency to move relative to the membrane potential |
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Free energy |
A quantity of energy that interrelates entropy and the systems total energy, the change in free energy of a system is calculated by the equation G = deltaH - TdeltaS where T is absolute temp |
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Glucagon |
A peptide hormone secreted by pancreatic endocrine cells that raises blood glucose levels - antagonistic to insulin |
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Gluconeogenisis |
The synthesis of glucose from non carbohydrate molecules |
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Glycogenolysis |
The biochemical pathway that results in the removal of glucose molecules from glycogen polymers when blood glucose levels are low |
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Myosin |
A type of protien filament that interacts with actin filaments to cause cell contraction |
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Protonmotive force |
The potential energy stored in the form of an electrochemical gradient, generated by the pumping of hydrogen ions across biological membranes during chemiosmosis |
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Sarcoplasm |
The cytoplasm of a muscle fibre cell |
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Substrate level phosphorylation |
The formation of ATP by directly transferring a phosphate group to ADP from am intermediate substrate on catabolism |
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Tropomyosin |
A regulatory protien that blocks the myosin binding sites of actin molecules when skeletal muscle is at rest |
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Troponin |
A set of regulatory protiens that control the position of tropomyosin on the thin filament of skeletal muscles |
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Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase |
High CO2 affinity Creates 4C intermediate including CO2 |
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Photorespiration |
In high light intensity excess O2 is producee via photosynthesis Plants consuming carbon, and adding this to the excessive O2 to remove the harmful O2 |
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CAM |
Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Succulents Stores CO2 in organic acids at night Release of CO2 during day --> Calvin Cycle |
