Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What two things to tyrosine kinases control?
|
They control cell metabolism and proliferation
|
|
|
What do intracellular receptor proteins control?
|
They control gene expression
|
|
|
What do TNF receptors activate?
|
They activate protein complexes that control cell death and survival.
|
|
|
What is cell death known as?
|
Apoptosis
|
|
|
What is Gleevec?
|
It is an enzyme inhibitor of the signalling protein Bcr-Abl kinase
|
|
|
What is Gleevec used to treat?
|
It is used to treat chronic myelogenous leukemia.
|
|
|
What is the first distinguishing characteristic of receptor protein tyrosine kinases?
|
They transmit extracellular signals by ligand-activation of an intrinsic tyrosine kinase function encoded in the cytoplasmis tail of the receptor.
|
|
|
What is the second distinguishing characteristic of receptor protein tyrosine kinases?
|
Activation of the tyrosinekinase activity requires receptor dimerization which is often stimulated, or stabilized, by ligand binding
|
|
|
What is the third distinguishing characteristic of receptor protein tyrosine kinases?
|
Autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues within the receptor creates phosphotyrosine docking sites for signalling proteins that establish a relay signal between the receptor and a downstram phosphorylation cascade
|
|
|
What is a transcription factor?
|
It is a protein that binds DNA and regulates gene expression.
|
|
|
In cells that express the appropriate receptor proteins on the surface, what does insulin stimulate?
|
It stimulates uptake of glucose.
|
|
|
What primary biochemical mechanisms mediate short term and long term signalling responses?
|
The two are phosphorylation cascades and regulated gene expression, respectively.
|
|
|
Why are defects in signal transduction a common cause of metabolic diseases?
|
This is the caswe because cell signalling pathways are interdependent and disruption of one component can alter many pathways.
|
