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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What do leukocytes contain which makes them different to erythrocytes? |
They have a nucleus, DNA and organelles and are capable of reproducing. |
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What is an important feature about leukocytes that is important in the immune system? |
That it can replicate. The clonal expansion of antigen specific lymphocytes is a central feature of the immune system. |
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Which cells are the mobile patrol in the immune system? What is their role? |
T,B lymphocytes and antibody molecules. They move around the whole body for infections. |
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Which cells are the neighborhood watch in the immune system? What is their role? |
Macrophage cells and Mast cells. They stay in one area of the body and keep watch for any infections. These send signals to other cells when there is trouble. |
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Which cells are part of the first response team in the immune system? What is their role? |
Neutrophils. They come in and kill bacteria by engulfing them. Can't really recognize specific bacteria. |
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Which cells report back to the control centre in the immune system? What is their role? |
The Antigen Specific Cells (APC): - Macrophages - B lymphocytes They take back information about the invaders back to the lymph nodes to produce certain antibodies to kill them. |
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Which cells are part of the clean up crew in the immune system? What is their role? |
The antibodies. They kill specific bacteria. |
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Which cells are part of the control data base update? |
B and T lymphocytes. |
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What is the immune system repertoire? |
The 'database' where all shapes of antigen specific molecules are stored. |
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What do antibodies do? |
They bind to certain pathogens, neutralizing them or labeling them for destruction. They make the job easier for macrophages to digest the bacteria, or if binding to cells, cell lysis. |
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What do cytotoxic T cells do? |
They are killer T cells, and kill infected cells. |
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What is a complement attack? |
Bacteria marked with Ig is destroyed by plasma molecules, called the complement system. inducing cell lysis |
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How can antibodies enhance phagocytosis? |
1. blocks virus/bacteria binding sites, neutralizing them. 2. agglutinates them (groups bacteria together) 3. precipitates soluble antigens |
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What is the necessary cell required for the immune system to work? |
Lymphocytes Recall that experiment with the normal and irradiated mouse, only when the lymphocytes were injected into the irradiated mouse restored its immune system. No other cells worked. |
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What do neutrophils do? |
They arrive at the site, kill bacteria and then dies. It is a phagocyte. |
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What do monocytes do? |
Enters the tissue and transforms to macrophages, which engulf and destroy bacteria, then reporting back to control center. |
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What are the two types of T cells and how do they work? |
T helper cells - Help with the activation of B cells T cytotoxic cells - Kill infected cells |
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How do macrophages transform to Antigen Presenting Cells (APC)? |
They eat the bacteria, breaking it down and uses its proteins on the surface of macrophages and are called MHC II class molecules which can bind to T receptor cells in the lymph node. |
