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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Atoms |
The basic particle from which all elements are made; the smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element. |
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Electrons |
A tiny, negatively-charged particle that moves around the outside of the nucleus of an atom. |
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Nucleus |
The central core of an atom, which contains protons and neutrons. |
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Proton |
A small, positively-charged particle that is found in the nucleus of an atom. |
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Neutron |
A small particle in the nucleus of the atom with no electrical charge |
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Atomic Number |
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
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Isotope |
An atom with the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons from other atoms of the same element. |
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Mass Number |
The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. |
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Periodic table |
organized array of all the chemical elements in order of increasing atomic number |
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Chemical Symbol |
a notation of one or two letters representing a chemical element. |
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Period |
A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table |
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Group |
Elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table; also called family. |
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Compound |
A substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a specific ratio or proportion. |
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Valence Electrons |
The electrons that are in the highest energy level of an atom and that are involved in chemical bonding. |
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Reactivity |
The ease and speed with which an element combines, or reacts, with other elements and compounds. |
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Malleable |
A term used to describe material that can be hammered or rolled into flat sheets. |
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Ductile |
A term used to describe a material that can be pulled out into a long wire. |
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Luster |
The way a mineral reflects light from its surface |
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Semiconductor |
A substance that can conduct electric current under some conditions. |
A material used in electrical circuits and components that partially conducts electricity. |
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Ion |
An atom or group of atoms that has become electrically charged. It has gained or lost electrons relative to its number of neutrons |
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Polyatomic Ion |
An ion that is made of more than one atom. |
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Ionic Bond |
The attraction between ions with opposite charges. |
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Ionic bond |
The attraction between ions with opposite charges. H2O |
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Covalent Bond |
A chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons. |
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Molecule |
A neutral group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. |
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Nonvolatile bond |
A covalent bond in which electrons are shared equally. |
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Polar Bond |
A covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally. |
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Acid |
A substance that tastes sour, reacts with metals and carbonates, and turns blue litmus red. |
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Corrosive |
Term used to describe acids that react with some metals by wearing away the metal. |
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Indicator |
A compound that changes color in the presence of an acid or a base. It indicates the pH Free Hydrogen |
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Base |
A substance that tastes bitter, feels slippery, and turns red litmus paper blue. High pH above 7.0 |
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Neutralization |
A reaction of an acid with a base, yielding a solution that is not as acidic or basic as the starting solutions were. pH = 7.0 |
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Salt |
An ionic compound made from the neutralization of an acid with a base. |
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pH |
Potential of Hydrogen pH is a measure of how acidic/basic water is. The range goes from O - 14, with 7 being neutral. pHs of less than 7 indicate acidity, whereas a of greater than 7 indicates a base. pH is really a measure of the relativ amount of free hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in the water. OH- |
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