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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the name of the phenomenon resulting from the passage of an aircraft through the atmosphere that included vortices, thrust stream turbulence, jet blast, jet wash, and propeller wash? |
Wake Turbulance |
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What is the name of the circular patterns of air created by the movement o the airfoil through the air When generating lift? |
Vortices |
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What is the most prominent part of Wake Turbulence? |
Vortices |
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What three factors effect the strength of a vortex (rotational force)? |
Weight of aircraft Shape of the wing (Effecting wing loading) Speed of the aircraft |
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What are the conditions that create the greatest strength vortex? |
Aircraft that are “Heavy, Clean, and Slow” |
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What is the greatest factor of the 3 that effect the intensity of wake turbulence? |
The weight of the aircraft |
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What type of aircraft do not create wake turbulence? |
None. they all create wake turbulance |
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What is another name for Jet Blast? |
Thrust stream turbulence |
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What is a Clean configuration on an aircraft mean? |
No flaps are extended on the wings so the wings are smooth |
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What does a dirty configuration mean on an aircraft? |
The flaps are up so the wings are less smooth resulting in less wake turbulence |
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How does speed effect wake turbulence? |
Slower = more wake turbulence Faster = less wake turbulence |
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What makes wake turbulence diminish? |
Time and Distance |
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What do pressure differentials trigger? |
Roll up of air flow known as wake vortex or wing tip vortices |
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How do wing tip vortices rotate and move? |
Rotate Inward (Clockwise on left and counter on right) and drift outward |
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When are vortices first generated? |
At the moment the aircraft generates lift (Nose leaves the ground) |
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When does and aircraft cease to create vortices? |
When the aircraft stops producing life (All gears on the ground) |
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What is a vortex sink rate? |
300-500 ft per min. |
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When do vortexes normally level off? |
500-1000 ft below the flight path |
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What can cause vortices to descend at a slower rate or even climb? |
Temp Inversions, and updrafts |
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How will vortices move near the ground with no wind? |
2- 3 knots laterally |
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How does a cross wind effect vortices? |
It will stall one and increase the others movement |
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How will a tailwind effect vortices? |
Can move vortices into the landing zone of the aircraft that are landing longer to avoid the vortices |
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What is the name for the mechanical force a wake vortex has on an aircraft? |
Induced roll |
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What is the name for the ability of an aircraft to move around the longitudinal axis? |
Roll control |
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What are the two things that effect the aircrafts ability to resist the induced roll? |
The wingspan being larger than the vortices and the counter control ability of the aircraft |
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When does a helicopter create downwash? |
In a slow hover or stationary hover |
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How far does the the downwash from a helicopter spread? |
Three times the diameter of the Rotor |
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When will helicopters produce wake turbulence similar to a fixed wing aircraft? |
When they are in forward or backward motion |
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What term can you use instead of Jet blast? |
Thrust stream turbulence |
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Are controllers responsible for anticipating the existence or effects of wake turbulence? |
No because it is unpredictable |
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Why terms can be used in lieu of the term wake turbulence |
Jet Blast, Prop Wash, Rotor wash |
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What is the greatest impact of wake turbulence on ATC? |
Increased separation |