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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The layer of the atmosphere which contains almost all clouds and precipitation. |
Troposphere. Extends from the surface to around 36,000 ft. |
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The layer of the atmosphere where temperature increases which altitude and that is generally devoid of significant weather. |
Stratosphere. Extends from the top of the troposphere up to 31 miles above the earths surface. |
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What is the standard atmospheric temperature, altimeter setting and lapse rate. |
15 degrees C/59 degrees F, 29.92 inches of mercury, lapse rate is 2C/3.5F per thousand feet. |
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Which direction does the jet stream flow? |
West to east. |
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What are the two jet streams and where are they generally located? |
Polar jet stream located between 30 degrees and 60 degrees latitude.
The subtropical jet stream located between 20 degrees and 40 degrees latitude. |
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What gas in the atmosphere varies from trace amounts to 4% by volume. |
Water vapor |
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What is saturation? |
The maximum possible quantity of water that a parcel of air can hold at any given temperature and pressure |
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What is dew point? |
The temperature to which a given parcel must be cooled at a constant pressure and constant water vapor content in order for saturation to occur. |
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What is relative humidity? |
The ratio, usually expressed as a percentage, of water vapor actually in the air compared to the amount of water vapor the air could hold at a particular temperature and pressure. |
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What is the raw materials for clouds and precipitation? |
Water vapor. |
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What happens to rising parcel of air? |
It expands and cools as pressure decreases with altitude. |
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What happens to a sinking parcel of air? |
Warms as it encounters increasing pressure and is compressed. |
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What are cirriform clouds? |
High level clouds which form above 20,000, usually composed of ice crystals, usually thin and white in appearance and contains no significant icing. |
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What are Cumuliform clouds? |
Resembles white fluffy cotton balls or heaps, indicates upward vertical motion or thermal uplift of air. Tops can reach over 60,000 feet and may produce turbulence and other hazards. |
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What are stratiform clouds? |
Consists of a featureless low layer that can cover sky. Often produces widespread IFR weather. Little or no turbulence but can produce icing. |
