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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a comet |
Huge clusters of ice and dust that travel through the solar system, attracted by the suns gravity. They’re found in far out parts of the solar system |
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What is a moon |
A natural satellite that orbits a planet |
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What is a planet |
A spherical object found in the solar system orbiting a central star |
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What is the sun |
Our sun is a star, stars are found at the centre of a solar system |
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What is a nebula |
A cloud of gas and dust in space, some nebulae are places that new stars are formed, while others are remains of dead or dying stars. They can come in different shapes and sizes |
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What is a galaxy |
A galaxy is a collection of solar systems, there are billions of galaxys that make up our universe |
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What did Claudius Ptolemy discover |
The geocentric model of the universe, with earth at the middle and the sun moon and other planets orbiting around it |
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What did Nicolaus Copernicus discover |
The heliocentric model of the universe with the sun at the centre and all the planets orbiting around it. This replaces the geocentric model |
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What did johannes Kepler discover |
He discovered that planets orbit more elliptical (oval) rather than circular, his laws are still used today |
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What did Isaac Newton discover |
He discovered that an invisible force called gravity was the reason that planets orbit the sun and moons orbit planets |
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When was the telescope invented |
1608 |
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Who improved the telescope |
Galileo Galilei |
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What are the 3 parts of the telescope and where do they go |
Objective lens (left) light-tight tube (middle) eyepiece lens (right) |
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How could a telescope give a brighter clearer image |
An objective lens with a wider diameter could be used |
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What did Isaac Newton suggest |
That the force that makes an apple fall from a tree is the same force that causes the moon to orbit the earth |
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What did galileo find out about gravity |
That gravity causes all objects to fall to the ground at the same speed, no matter the mass of the object |
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What happens when you shine white light through a prism |
A spectrum of colour is produced |
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What is this spectrum of colour called |
The visible spectrum |
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Why do not all light sources produce a continuous spectrum |
Because not all wavelengths of light are present |
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What is produced instead |
A line spectrum |
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What is the Doppler effect |
A phenomenon observed when a sound producing object moves relative towards us |
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What happens when an object moves towards us |
The pitch increases |
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What happens when an object moves away from us |
The pitch decreases |
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Why does the pitch change |
It’s due to the changing frequency of sound waves |
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Explain what happens to the waves as an object moves towards us |
The waves get closer and closer together resulting in a higher pitch |
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Explain what happens to the waves as objects get further away |
Waves get further apart causing a lower pitch |
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What is this called |
The Doppler effect |
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What does the Doppler effect also work for |
Light waves |
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What did astronomers notice when looking at light from distant objects |
That the positions of lines on the line spectra were shifted towards the longer wavelength, the red side of the spectrum |
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What does this show |
That light from distant objects has longer wavelength therefore must be moving away from us |
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What is this proof of |
That our universe is expanding and is known as red shift |
