Art History

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Statuette of a Woman (Venus of Willendorf) - Prehistoric

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Egyptian Art

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Most characteristic pose

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Votive Palette of King Narmer - Egyptian

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The Garden of Nebamun - Egyptian

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Pyramid of Giza - Egyptian

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Mammoth rectangular plan of limestone

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Egyptian

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Sloping pylons w gorge molding

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Egyptian

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Bud and flower capitals for post-and-lintel construction

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Egyptian

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Clerestory in hypostyle hall

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Egyptian

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Monumental obelisks and sphinxes fronting pylons

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Egyptian

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Relief sculpture on walls and columns

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Egyptian

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Temple of Luxor - Egyptian

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Contrapposto

Foreshortening

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Greek Art

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Archaic style. Kouros, from the tomb of Kroisos - Greek

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Archaic style. Kore, from Chios - Greek

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The Warrior's Leave-taking (signed by Euthymedes) - Greek

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Relatively small plan of marble

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Greek architecture

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Entablature of pediment, cornice, frieze, and architrave

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Greek architecture

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Doric, Ionic, or Chorinthian capitals on fluted columns for post and lintel

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Greek architecture

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Color and gilding on statuary and architectural details

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Greek architecture

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Mathematical approach to symmetry

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Greek architecture

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Refinements of proportion to create optical illusions

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Greek architecture

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Classical orders

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Doric, Ionic, Chorinthian

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Doric - Classical Orders - Greek

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Ionic - Classical Orders - Greek

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Corinthian - Classical Orders - Greek

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Iktinos: The Parthenon - Greek

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Discobolos (Discus Thrower) - Greek

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Nike Unstrapping her Sandals (Goddess of Victory) - Greek

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Venus de Milo - Greek

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Laocoon and His Sons (Hagesandros, Athenodoros and Polydoros of Rhodes) - Greek

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Winged Victory of Samothrace - Greek

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Arch and Vault

Portrait Sculpture

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Roman Art

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Rectangular and circular plans of pozzuolano and stucco

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Roman architecture

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Engineering principle of arch and dome on drum, barrel vaulting and groin vaulting

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Roman architecture

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Fluted freestanding and engaged columns and pilasters with Greek orders

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Roman architecture

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Coffered ceilings over large spaces

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Roman architecture

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Triangular, circular and broken pedimentation

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Roman architecture

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Decorative medallions and keystones

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Roman architecture

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The Colosseum Rome - Roman

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The Colosseum Rome - Roman

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The Colosseum Rome - Roman

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The Pantheon, Rome - Roman

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The Pantheon, Rome - Roman

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The Pantheon, Rome - Roman

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Trajan's Column, Rome - Roman

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Roman basilica plan of center aisle, one or two zide aisles and apse

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Early Christian

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Plain buttressed facade, sometimes with small window and compound arches

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Early Christian

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Campanille disengaged from facade

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Early Christian

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Square coffered ceiling

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Early Christian

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Interior marble and mosaics

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Early Christian

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Variation of Roman orders such as basket capitals

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Early Christian

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Old Saint Peter's Basilica - Early Christian

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Greek cross plan, walls surfaced in patterned brick in meander, fret or chevron

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Byzantine

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Great dome on pendentives buttressed by half domes

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Byzantine

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Clustered colonnettes

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Byzantine

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Carved basket capitals

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Byzantine

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Interiors of colored, richly grained marble and mosaics in upper vaults

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Byzantine

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Hagia, Sophia - Byzantine

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Hagia, Sophia - Byzantine

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Latin cross plan of local stone

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Romanesque

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Use of round arch and buttressed barrel vaulting and groin vaulting

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Romanesque

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Towers engaged to facade and large transept tower

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Romanesque

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Dome often over apse

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Romanesque

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Recessed doorways, ornamented with sculpture, and large rose windows on upper levels

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Romanesque

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Grouped piers (clustered) thick columns or both

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Romanesque

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Abbey Church of La Madeleine - Romanesque

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Abbey Church of La Madeleine - Romanesque

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Gislebertus (Eve) - Romanesque

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Cathedral of St. Lazarus (Autun Cathedral) - Romanesque

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Cathedral of St. Lazarus (Autun Cathedral) - Romanesque

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Latin-cross plan, usually of native stone

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Gothic

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Use of soaring pointed arch and ribbed vaulting with flying buttresses

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Gothic

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High facade towers with gargoyles

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Gothic

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Stained-glass rose and lancet windows

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Gothic

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Pinnacles with crockets and finials

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Gothic

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Tall, recessed doorways decorated with elongated sculptured figures

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Gothic

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Notre Dame - Gothic

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Notre Dame - Gothic

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Chartres Cathedral - Gothic

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Chartres Cathedral - Gothic

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Merchants as the new class

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Early renaissance

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Key element: innovations of artists and architects

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Early renaissance

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Key element: excitement of rediscovering classical achievements

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Early renaissance

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Key element: patronage of a wealthy commercial class

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Early renaissance

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Rebirth of learning and culture

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Renaissance

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Lorenzo Ghiberti: East Doors of the Baptistery (Gates of Paradise) - Renaissance

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Filippo Brunelleschi: Dome of Florence Cathedral - Renaissance

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Rectangular plan w combined post-and-lintel form and arch form

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Renaissance Architecture

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Balanced fenestation of three stories

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Renaissance Architecture

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Ribbed dome on drum w lantern

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Renaissance Architecture

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Entablature w two-storey columns

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Renaissance Architecture

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Triangular and circular pedimentation

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Renaissance Architecture

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Decorative balustrades, pilasters, keystones and quoins

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Renaissance Architecture

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Greek and Roman ornamentation

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Renaissance Architecture

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Filippo Brunellischi: Dome of Florence Cathedral - Renaissance

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Fra Angelico: The Annunciation - Renaissance

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Sandro Botticelli: Primavera (Realm of Venus) - Renaissance

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Sandro Boticelli: Birth of Venus - Renaissance

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Donatello: David - Renaissance

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Jan van Eyck. Arnolfini Wedding - Renaissance

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Jan van Eyck: The Virgin of Chancellor Rolin - Renaissance

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Matthias Grunewald: Isenheim Altarpiece - Renaissance

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Matthias Grunewald: Isenheim Altarpiece - Renaissance (first view)

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Matthias Grunewald: Isenheim Altarpiece - Renaissance (second view)

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Matthias Grunewald: Isenheim Altarpiece - Renaissance (third view)

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Leonardo da Vinci: Last Supper - High Renaissance

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Leonardo da Vinci: Last Supper - High Renaissance

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Leonardo da Vinci: The Virgin and Child with St. Anne - High Renaissance

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Michelangelo Buonarotti: David - High Renaissance

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Michelangelo Buonarotti: Moses - High Renaissance

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Michelangelo Buonarotti: Sistine Chapel Ceiling - High Renaissance

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Michelangelo Buonarotti: Sistine Chapel Ceiling - High Renaissance

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Michelangelo: Sonnet with caricature of the artist standing, painting a figure on the ceiling over his head - High Renaissance

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Raphael: School of Athens - High Renaissance

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Raphael: Raphael. Theology (Disputa) - High Renaissance

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Michelangelo: Rondanini Pieta - High Renaissance

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Michelangelo: The Deposition (Pieta) - High Renaissance

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Term applied to painters who took different details from earlier artists and combined them to form new or complicated results (ecletic)

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Mannerist

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Derogatory term that implied a kind of tasteless perversion

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Mannerist

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Characterized artists who were experimenting to find new ways to make art meaningful in the context of prevailing conditions

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Mannerist

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Parmigianino: Madonna with the Long Neck - Mannerism

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El Greco: The Adoration of the Sheperds - Mannerism

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Cellini: Saltcellar of Francis I - Mannerism

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Was first used in derogatory sense, illustrating the natural human impulse to make fun of something one does not understand

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Baroque

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Philosophical term meaning "contradictory" or paradoxical

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Baroco (italian)

Barroco - crooked pearl

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Bernini: Ecstacy of Saint Teresa - Baroque

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Bernini: St. Peter's Baldacchin - Baroque

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Bernini: Colonnade, St. Peter's Basilica - Baroque

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Circular plans and ornamentations; but Baroque facades frequently added to existing buildings

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Baroque Architecture

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Playful in-and-out movement of curved steps and balustrading

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Baroque Architecture

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Accent on sculpture above eye levels

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Baroque Architecture

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Overly dramatic and exuberant light-and-dark patterns

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Baroque Architecture

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Broken pediments over doors and windows

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Baroque Architecture

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Elaborate console brackets, crests, cartouches, clocks, and fountains

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Baroque Architecture

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Borromini: San Carlo alle Quatro Fontane - Baroque

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Caravaggio: The Entombment of Christ - Baroque

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Legacy of Greece and Rome, and the ideals that guided the ancients

Ideals???

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Classics

- measure and discipline

- simplicity and clearness

- formal beauty

- calm and complete self-control

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A group of men appointed by the Crown. The members had to pass judgment on every work of art before it could be exhibited, on every literary work before it could be published

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French Academy

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Came as a reaction against the exuberance of the baroque. It was a return to renaissance ideals (minus the restrictions of the academy)

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Classicism

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Perrault: East Colonnade of the Louvre - Classicism

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Poussin: Et in Arcadia Ego - Classicism

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As a result of revolutions in America and France, the ordinary man found that he had a right to express his own opinions, to reveal his own emotions and especially to exercise his own imagination

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Romantic Period

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Tenets of romantic expression

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Spread of individualistic expression to spread over the civilized world

Belief in the restorative power of nature

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David: Death of Marat - Romantic

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Because I am unhappy, I have a right to your help (David: Death of Marat - Romantic)

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Gericault: The Raft of the Medusa - Romantic

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Delacroix: Death of Sardanapalus - Romantic

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Delacroix: Liberty Leading the People - Romantic

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Turner: Rain, Steam, and Speed - The Great Western Railway - Romantic

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Noneclectic with minimum ornamentation

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International Style

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New engineering principles, such as cantilevering from hillside

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International Style

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Multilevel construction

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International Style

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Greater use of glass, steel, and cement

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International Style

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New materials, such as permapane and stained aluminum

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International Style

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Emphasis, conceptually at least, on "honest" functionalism

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International Style

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Wright: Fallingwater - International Style