Art History 1 S04: Early India, China, Japan

Front 1

Several(3)overarching traits tend to unite Indian art.

Back 1

1-Beauty-voluptous forms, ornament, sensuous poses
2-symbolism
3-religious meaningeverywhere

Front 2

harrappan (Indian) civilization is thought to have "flourished" at the same time as...

Back 2

Egyptian and Mesopotamian culture

Front 3

True or False: Sanskrit is now thought to have originated in ancient Harrappan cultre.

Back 3

False

Front 4

Upanishads are metaphysical texts that focus on the relationship between the individual soul and the universal soul (Brahman) in three ways:

Back 4

1-Only Brahman is real and eternal, the material world is illusory
2-existence is cyclical
3-liberation from cycles

Front 5

The Vedic Period in India introduced a strict ____ system in which social classes were clearly delineated and stratified.

Back 5

caste

Front 6

The four noble truths of Buddhism:

Back 6

1-the worlid is suffering
2-suffering is caused by desire
3-eliminate desre, eliminate suffering
4-eliminate desire-meditation

Front 7

Briefly explain on emain difference between Theravada Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism. Which one do you think is more effective and why?

Back 7

Theravada-focus on self nirvana, ignorant of others' wellfare
Mahayana-compassion;concern for the wellfare/nirvana of others;altruism:self-sacrifice for all

Front 8

True or False: Stupas are hollow domes containing relics.

Back 8

True

Front 9

The term "Axis Mundi" means axis of the ____.

Back 9

world

Front 10

In early Buddhist art, the Buddha is never shown. Instead artists used symbols such as: (3)

Back 10

1-footprints
2-empty throne
3-stupa

Front 11

In later (and current) Buddhist art, the Buddha is identified by: (3)

Back 11

1-acetic/monk robes
2-ushnishatop knot/2nd (nirvana) mind
3-elongated earlobes

Front 12

In Indian art, a Yakshi is a ___ spirit, while a Yaksha is a ___ one.

Back 12

1-female
2-male

Front 13

Buddhism reached its greates influence in India during the Gupta period, ___.

Back 13

300-500 AD

Front 14

True or False: Hinduism is one single religion.

Back 14

False

Front 15

The four main Indian Castes are:

Back 15

Priests, merchants, laborers, and warriors

Front 16

China's development has been traced back some ___ years.

Back 16

8000

Front 17

China's Yellow river, the site of the oldest Neolithic towns is nicknamed ____ ____ because of its ____.

Back 17

China's, sorrow, floods

Front 18

True or False: Confucius (551-479BCE) was a Chinese Scholar/Philosopher who instituted wide-ranging ideals of manners, respect and duty for all toward all in an effort to further refine a successful and stable Chinese culture.

Back 18

True

Front 19

One main reason the Silk Road declined was because around 550AD Christian missionaries were able to ____ _____.

Back 19

smuggle, silkworms

Front 20

One distinguishing element of Japanese Material culture is a respect for a delight in ____ materials.

Back 20

natural

Front 21

_____ is the indigenous religion of Japan, and can best be described as ____.

Back 21

Shinto, animistic