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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name three characteristics of the Baroque style in Italy and Spain.
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Dramatic Grand Full of Tension Sense of Time |
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What do the two colonnades that Bernini designed for St. Peters Piazza symbolize?
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The welcoming arms of Peter.
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Bernini's baldacchino serves as marker over which important religious site? |
The exact point of St. Peter's grave.
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The Baroque style in Catholic countries was generally associated with which religious movement?
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Counter Reaffirmation
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Identify three specific ways in which Borromini's San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane reflects the Italian Baroque style.
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Oval a more dramatic circle, two facades, architecture is very dramatic.
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What is unusual about Annibale Carracci's artistic training compared to the artistic training of painters we have previously examined?
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She went to an Academy.
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Tenebrism
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sharp contrasts between light & dark; painting in the shadowy manner.
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Describe the difference between quadro riportato ceiling paintings and di sotto in su ceiling paintings.
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Quadro Riportato: illusion of framed paintings installed on the ceiling. Di sotto in Su (from below to above): a lot of foreshortening meant to be seen as if the ceiling has opened up and you are looking up at it from below. |
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How did Rubens accomplish such an enormous number of large scale paintings in his lifetime?
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He had many assistants all trained in his style, and specializing in certain areas.
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How did patronage and collection of art in the Dutch Republic differ from that of Spain and France in the Baroque period?
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Dutch, thriving middle class. France and Spain royalty.
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Name three genres of paintings favored by the Dutch over religious subject matter.
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- Genre Scene - Landscapes - Still Life |
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What do the skull, timepiece and overturned glass symbolize in Vanitas Still Life by Pieter Claesz?
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- Skull is a reminder of death. - Overturned glass reminder of how someone was once there and now is not. - Timepiece represents how time is always passing. |
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Explain the difference between etching and engraving.
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Engraving: taking sharp tool and incising a design into to metal plate. Etching: taking metal plate put a thin layer of wax over the plate then cut into wax your design. Then place in an acid bath were the acid will eat away at the metal and not the wax leaving the design. |
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How did Louis XIV ensure that the classical style dominated French art and architecture?
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Control of the Royal Academy of Art, dictating that the only style that be taught was the classical style.
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What does the vast complex at Versailles symbolize?
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Louis XIV absolute power.
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What was the importance of the Parisian salon in French Rococo society?
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Place where style and culture developed; aristocrats came together to party.
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Why do Rococo works of art tend to be executed on a smaller scale than Baroque works?
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Reinforce the exclusivity, have to be invited to see the works.
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How did the Enlightenment lead to a more "natural" style of art?
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Rationality of the natural world; problems of humanity could be solved by applying rationality.
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What was the primary purpose of the many vedute produced in Italy by artists such as Canaletto in the 18th century?
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Souvenirs; vedute: scenic view |
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What major archaeological discovery helped fuel interest in the classical world and contributed to the rise of the Neoclassical style in the 18th century?
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Pompeii and Herculaneum
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Which genre of painting did the academies consider to be the most elevated in the 18th and 19th centuries?
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- History - Portraiture - Genre - Landscape, Animals & Still Life |
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Why did Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, embrace the Neoclassical style in art and architecture?
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Associate his empire with the Great Roman Empire.
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What is Orientalism? Give an example of an Orientalist painting.
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Eastern culture, "Grande Odalisque."
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Romanticism was a reaction against which earlier artistic movement?
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Neoclassicism
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List three characteristics of Delacroix's Death of Sardanapalus that make it a Romantic work.
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- Horror of the death of all the people - No clear composition (painted more freely) - Oriental subject matter |
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Why did Realist artists reject the depiction of mythological, historical, and religious subjects?
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Because they believed only to recreate what you can see.
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Who was the first painter to hold a solo exhibition of his own work? Why did he choose to hold the exhibition?
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Courbet, because some of his work was not excepted for the Universal Fair, for the Salon Paris.
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What is lithograph?
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Printing with stone
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Which famous Renaissance painting did Manet take as his inspiration for Olympia?
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Titan's Venus of Urbino
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Name two forms of early photography.
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Daguerreotype & Calotype
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Why was Nadar so popular as a portrait photographer?
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Known for capturing the personality of the person being phorographed
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How did the term "Impressionist" come to be applied to the group of painters that included Monet, Renoir, and Degas?
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It was meant as an insult, that they do not finish there paintings.
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What was the primary goal of the Impressionist painters?
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To capture the fleeting effects of lighting and weather.
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What are the two major influences on Impressionist composition?
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Photography and Japanese prints.
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What does the term "local color" mean?
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The natural color of a thing in ordinary daylight, uninfluenced by the proximity of other colors.
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What did Monet hope to achieve with his many series paintings (such as the grainstacks, Rouen Cathedral, and the waterlilies)?
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Shows that the same object can look different; due to time, weather etc...
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What role did Baron Georges Haussmann play in the modernization of Paris?
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By destroying the old Medieval streets and creating wide boulevards.
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Why is the term "Post Impressionism" problematic?
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There is no one consistent style.
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What was the result of Whistler's libel case against Ruskin?
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It Bankrupt him
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What sets the paintings of Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec apart from those of the Impressionists?
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Features are exagerated
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What is pointillism (also referred to as divisionism or Neo Impressionism)?
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A piece made with many different color dots.
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Where was Vincent van Gogh when he painted Starry Night?
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The asylum of St. Paul de Mausole.
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How does Gauguin's use of color differ from the Impressionists?
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Uses unnatural color for natural things.
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How did the term Fauvism come to be applied to the works by artists such as Matisse and Derain?
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Critics
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What was the importance of Gertrude and Leo Stein to the avant-garde artists of Paris?
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Important patrons
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Which 19th century artist most influenced Picasso and Braque as they developed the style known as Cubism?
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Works of Cezanne
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Describe the artistic ideology of Futurism.
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Called for radical innovation in the arts showcasing the speed and dynamism of modern life and technology; glorification of war and destruction of the past.
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Describe the ideology of Dada.
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Art that attacks conversation and logic; based on the belief that rationality had led to the horrors of WWI; foundation of Dada is the absurd and illogical
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Describe Duchamp's "readymades" and how they attained the status of art.
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Art did not need to ideal any skill
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What does avant-garde mean in the context of art history?
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Challenge against tradition
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