Art 1 Midterm Study Guide

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Composition

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How elements are put together to form a piece of artwork

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Stippling

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Using dots to illustrate value or texture.

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Hatching

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Using parallel lines to illustrate value or texture.

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Cross-Hatching

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Using crossing lines to illustrate value or texture.

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Shading

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Showing change from light to dark or dark to light in a picture by darkening areas and leaving other areas of light.

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Light Value

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Made by light pressure from pencil.

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Dark Value

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Made from heavy pressure.

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H pencils

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Makes light value.

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B pencils

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Makes dark value

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Color Wheel

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The spectrum bent into a circle.

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Hue

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Another word for color,

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Red, yellow, blue

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Primary colors.

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Secondary colors

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Violet, orange, Green

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Red-violet, blue-violet, blue-green, yellow-green, yellow-orange, red-orange

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Tertiary Colors

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Warms colors

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From yellow to red-violet

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Cool colors

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From yellow-green to Violet

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How to name color correctly

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Primary color then secondary.

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Contour lines

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Defines the edges and surface ridges of an object. They have the ability to suggest form.

Vary in darkness and thickness

Describe edges of shapes within forms.

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How to do a contour line drawing?

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Continue to draw slowly

Use long, continuous, dark lines

Sustain lines as long as it makes sense to do so

Break lines when necessary

Record contours of the objects you observe.

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Outline

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A line that shows or creates the outer edges of a shape.

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What happens when you add value to contour lines/outline?

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They disappear.

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Line

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A segment connecting two five points. Can be used to define space, contours and outlines, or suggest mass and volume.

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Shape

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2D configuration. Height and width, organic or geometric.

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Organic shape

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Free-forms, irregular edges, represent living things.

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Geometric shape

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Mechanical, human made shapes with regular edges.

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Form

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3D configuration. Height, width, depth. (Volume)

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Texture

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Surface quality of artwork. Visual or tactile.

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Visual texture

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Can be seen but not felt

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Tactile texture

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Surface can be perceived through touch.

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Space

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Indicates areas above, between, around, below, or within something. Negative or positive.

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Negative space

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Background. Area surrounding objects.

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Positive space.

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Enclosed areas or objects. May be recognizable or non-representational

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Value

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The quantity of light. Lightness to darkness. White to black and all the grays in between. Shading.

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Color

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The quality of light.

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Pass

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Blank

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Intensity

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The degree of a color's purity, high intensity, colors are bright. Low intensity colors are dull.

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Analogous

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Colors which are next to each other on the color wheel.

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Complimentary

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Colors which are across each other on the color wheel.

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Balancr

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Creates stability in a composition by arranging the elements. Visual weight is affected by relative size, brightness of color, contrasts of value or texture, complexity of shape, and distance from center.

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Symmetrical balance

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Identical elements equally distributed on either side of the vertical axis.

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Asymmetrical balance

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Weight feels equally distributed without the objects of figures being identical

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Radial balance

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Similar elements are placed around a center point.

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Movement

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Way of combining elements in order to create rhythm throughout work.

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Repetitive movement

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Repeating the same element with little or no variation.

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Alternating movement

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Repeating two or more elements on an alternating basis.

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Progressive movement

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Repeat an object from small to large, light to dark, etc.

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Contrast

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The differences in elements, materials, or applications throughout a work. Variety prevents boredom.

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Unity

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Successfully combing the component elements in an artwork resulting in a sense of wholeness. Makes viewer aware of total work of art rather than individual parts.

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Proximate unity

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Placing objects close together

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Similar unity

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Making things similar in color, texture, shape, or form.

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Continuity unity

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Directing viewers vision by lines, edges of shapes, or arrangement of objects.

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Dominance/emphasis

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When one element appears to be more important or attracts more attention than anything else in the composition, said to have dominance.

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Doodle project

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Used all elements except form

Used all principals of art

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Sneaker project

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Used all elements except form

Used all principals.