Apush Unit 4 Test

Front 1

wilmot proviso

Back 1

prohibited slavery in all territoreis acquired in mexican war, southern senators blocked its passing

Front 2

underground railroad

Back 2

informal chain of "stations" (anti-slavery homes) that runaway slaves could pass through in order to be free in canada, HARRIET TUBMAN

Front 3

compromise of 1850

Back 3

slave trade (not slavery) outlawed in dc, ca accepted as free state, stricter fugitive slave law, main proponents were henry clay and webster

Front 4

fugitive slave law of 1850

Back 4

slaves denied a trial by jury, couldn't testify in court, the defense lawyer for slave would get $ if slave was convicted

Front 5

kansas-nebraska act

Back 5

1854 popular sovereignty decided for k and n, k would become a slave state and n would be free, missouri compromise repealed to pass it

Front 6

bleeding kansas

Back 6

northerners saw pop sovereignty as an opportunity to turn supposedly slave kansas into a free state, fighting broke out

Front 7

uncle tom's cabin

Back 7

written by harriet beecher stowe, served as a polarizing factor for abolitionism, very gruesome book on the inhumanity of slavery

Front 8

6 causes of civil war

Back 8

irresponsible agitators, economic sectionalism, agression of slave power, moral issue of slave power, states rights vs. fed govt

Front 9

advantages for north in civil war

Back 9

access to ports, big population, subsistence farming (king wheat), many factories (king industry), lots of immigrants to fight

Front 10

disadvantages for north

Back 10

shitty generals, had to reclaim all of south

Front 11

advantages for south

Back 11

strong generals (stonewall jackson and robert e lee), only had to defend itself (didn't have to capture north)

Front 12

emancipation proclamation

Back 12

freed slaves in confederate states (not border states) to appear like a war tactic in eyes of northern democrats

Front 13

northern strategies during war

Back 13

martial law in border states, blockade of south, suspension of habeas corpus, attack south wherever it is, split south in half

Front 14

freedman's bureau

Back 14

primitive welfare agency for recently freed slaves, run by general howard (howard university), educated blacks, johnson tried to kill it

Front 15

black codes

Back 15

ways for states to get around the 13, 14 and 15 ammendments (set up poll taxes, black labor laws, etc.) basically tried to reinstitute the former social structure of the south

Front 16

13th ammendment

Back 16

abolished slavery

Front 17

14th ammendment

Back 17

made everyone born/naturalized a citizen w/ american rights

Front 18

15th ammendment

Back 18

gave blacks the right to vote

Front 19

Enforcement Acts of 1870-71

Back 19

if states failed to enforce 13th/14th/15th ammendments, then the federal govt could send troops to intervene, intended to target kkk, private criminal acts vs. blacks became federal crimes

Front 20

fire eaters

Back 20

extremist pro slavery politicians from south who supported secession

Front 21

whigs

Back 21

ran winfield scott in 1852, openly split w/ northern whigs antislavery and southern whigs

Front 22

free soil party

Back 22

van buren, no slavery extension (not necessarily abolitionsm), eventually became the republican party w/ leftover whigs

Front 23

zachary taylor

Back 23

mexican war hero, ran against cass in 1848, virginia born slave owning planter from louisiana

Front 24

hariet tubman

Back 24

woman abolitionist, help run underground railraod

Front 25

clay, calhoun and webster

Back 25

all worked on the compromise of 1850 (although calhoun was vehemently against it)

Front 26

william seward

Back 26

secretary of state under lincoln/johnson, from new york, worked on the purchase of alaska

Front 27

millard fillmore

Back 27

vp to taylor, part of the know-nothing party (nativists), americans must rule america, nominated by kns in 1856 election

Front 28

young hickory franklin pierce

Back 28

democratic nominee in 1852, elected, served w/out real distinction in mexican war, weak w/ groin problem, alcoholic, prosouthern northerner, from new hampshire

Front 29

know-nothing party

Back 29

group of anti-catholic,german, dutch nativists who believed americans should rule america

Front 30

james buchanan

Back 30

democratic nominee in 1856, not tainted by kansas-nebraska, kind of clueless, elected but didn't do shit when union seceeded

Front 31

e of 1848

Back 31

taylor (whig) vs. cass (democrat)
main issues: pop sovereignty,

Front 32

e of 1852

Back 32

pierce (democrat) vs. scott (whig)
issues: comp of 1850, fugitive slave law
pierce (va slave holder born in la) wins

Front 33

e of 1856

Back 33

buchanan (democrat) vs. fremont (repub) vs. fillmore (knownothing)
issues: avoiding bleeding kansas, extension of slavery into territories

Front 34

e of 1860

Back 34

lincoln (repub) vs. breckinridge (dem) vs. douglas (dem) vs. bell (const. union)
issues: slavery, westward expansion,

Front 35

e of 1864

Back 35

lincoln (rep) vs. mcclellan
issues: bayonet vote, miserable war, gettysburg lifted spirits for l to win

Front 36

jefferson davis

Back 36

president of the confederacy (capital was in richmond, va), couldn't get much war support b/c of states rights

Front 37

peace democrats

Back 37

believed north pushed south into secession, lincoln was a tyrant, war need to end (even if it meant south broke apart), strong support in midwest/ohio, COPPERHEADS

Front 38

exodusters

Back 38

after reconstruction ended, 1879 blacks who fled south for kansas

Front 39

thaddeus stevens

Back 39

extreme radical republican, opposed the critteden compromise, led congressional reconstruction

Front 40

redeemers or redemption govts

Back 40

wanted to rid south of carpetbaggers, freedmen and scallawags

Front 41

panic of 1857

Back 41

war between russia and britain, inflated need for grain

Front 42

crimean war

Back 42

grain or death, proved cotton really was "king," gave way to homestead act and the morill land grants

Front 43

critteden compromise

Back 43

sought to restore 3630 slave/free state balance, lincoln vetoed it bc he didn't want slavery extended

Front 44

pacific railway act

Back 44

part of republican agenda, to build a transcontinental railroad

Front 45

john slidell

Back 45

minister to mexico under polk, wanted to buy ca from mexico

Front 46

pendleton act

Back 46

will be a wrong answer

Front 47

vallandingham

Back 47

ohio supporter of the know nothing party (active in 1856 election)

Front 48

trent affair

Back 48

union removed confeds of british ship, pissed british off, lincoln wouldn't go to war ("one war at a time")

Front 49

alabama and laird rams

Back 49

raided $15.5 million from pirate raids that britain had to pay back

Front 50

dominion of canada

Back 50

britain left canada to fend for itself vs. americans against possible vengeance,

Front 51

fort sumter

Back 51

first land battle, 1861, in manasses va, attempt to capture richmond, mcdowell vs. johson, mcd fails and replaced with mcclellan

Front 52

fort henry (navy) and fort donelson (land)

Back 52

in between tn and cumberland rivers, first significant union victory

Front 53

monitor (u) vs. merrimack (c)

Back 53

1862 ironsided ships, strategic win for union bc it kept the blockade enforced

Front 54

peninsula campaign

Back 54

1862, intention was to capture richmond from lee, humiliating union defeat, mcclellan replaced by pope, included seven days battle (notorious), union then turns to total war strategy

Front 55

shiloh

Back 55

1862, in TN, grant vs. johnston, johnston tries to surprise grant but fails, beauregard takes over for johnston, bloodiest battle so far in am history

Front 56

bull run II

Back 56

1862, in manasses va, jackson captures union supply depot, and its a miserable defeat for union, mcclellan replaces pope

Front 57

antietam creek

Back 57

1862, even though union wins, mcclellan still fired for being too cautious, antietam kills souths chances for foreign help

Front 58

fredericksburg

Back 58

in penn, burnsides vs. lee, confederate victory (considered a butchery of union), burnsides then fired

Front 59

chancellorsville

Back 59

1863, hooker vs. lee, stonewall jackson dies, hooker fired for being too timid

Front 60

gettysburg

Back 60

1863 turning point in war, meade vs. lee, lee tries to invade and devastate north to attract foreign aid but fails, south will never agian invade north

Front 61

vicksburg

Back 61

1863, grant is able to gain control of missippi river and split south in half

Front 62

gettysburg address

Back 62

1863, national cemetary, monumental famous speech by lincoln

Front 63

shermans march

Back 63

he takes atlanta and continues through ga, scorched earth policy

Front 64

richmond

Back 64

richmond falls in 1865, set on fire, but union extinguishes it

Front 65

appamatox courthouse

Back 65

april 1865, lee surrenders to grant