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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the reproductive human reproductive organs AND name the hormones they release.
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ovaries (estrogen, progesterone) and testes (testosterone)
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Which system stimulates the relase of epinephrine and norepinephrine from the adrenal medulla?
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the sympathetic system via the sympathetic chain
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Which hormone require transport proteins?
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the lipid soluble hormones
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Which ligant can penetrate the cell without a recepter?
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a nonpolar ligand
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How many hormones are secreted by the pituitary gland?
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nine (9)
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Describe the posterior part of the pituitary gland.
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it is considered to be an extension of the central brain
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What are the target tissues for the growth hormone (GH)?
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1. increases protein synthesis
2. increases tissue growth 3. increases fat breakdown 4. spares glucose usage |
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What hormone is secreted by the parafollicular cells?
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calcitonin
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What are the fuctions of T3 and T4 to the target tissues?
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1. increases metabolism
2. increases body temperature 3. increases normal growth and development |
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Describe the effects of hypothyroidism?
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decreased metabolic rate, weight gain, reduced appetite
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Describe the effects of hyperthyroidism?
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increase metabolic rate, weigh loss, increased appetite
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The adreanl glands function as part of which system?
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sypathetic nervous system
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What hormones are secreted by the pancreas?
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the alpa cells (glucagon), the beta cells (insulin), and the delta cells (somatostatin)
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What division of the nervous system plays a roll immediately right after finishing a meal AND name the hormones invovle.
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parasympathetic stimulation; insulin is secreted
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What division of the nervous system plays a roll several hours after a meal AND name the responsible hormones.
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sympathetic stimulation; insulin and glucagon are secreted
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Which structure is responsible to release the sleeping enhanced hormone AND name the hormone.
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the pineal body; melatonin hormone
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Name the protiens located in the blood plasma.
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albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen
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What contents are found on the buffy coat?
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palateles and white blood cells
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Which structure of which cell carries 99% of oxygen?
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the hemoglobin of the red blood cells
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What is hemoglobin made of AND where is it found?
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it is made up by 4 hemes and 4 globin molecules; they are found in the red blood cells.
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Which hormone is responsible for erythropoiesis stimulation?
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erythropoietin
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What occurs if the conjugated bilirubin is blocked from reaching intesine during hemoglobin breakdown?
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jaundice
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Where are the thromboxanes derived?
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from the prostaglandins.
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What factor causes the platelet plug formation during hemostasis?
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the von Willerbrand factor (VWF)
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Which enzyme is crucial to break fibrin and dissolve the clot?
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plasmin
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What causes HDN (hemolytic disease of the newborn)?
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the Rh+ factor
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Which diagnostic test measures the blood volume?
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the hematrocrit scale
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Name the double layered sac found on the heart and its primary function.
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the pericardium and it reduces friction
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What is the thickest layer of the heart wall?
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myocardium
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What causes heart mumurs?
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leaks in the bicuspid or semilunar valve
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What occurs during the QRS complex?
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ventricle depolariztion and atria repolarization
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What is the most common place to draw blood?
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the median cubital vein
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Which vessels are superficial?
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the large veins
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Which vein drains the left, posterior thoracic wall area?
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the hemiazygos vein
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Describe the foramen ovale.
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allows communication between the systemic and pulmonary circulation
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Describe the umbilical vein.
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transports oxgen and nutrient rich blood from the placenta to the fetus
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Which common artery is used to measure the blood pressure?
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the brachial artery
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Where does the blood flow slowly?
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in the capillaries
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Where is the greatest drop in pressure?
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in the aterioles
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what are the blood pressure avarages in the aorta and the right atrium in mm Hg?
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aorta 100mm Hg and right atrium 0mm Hg
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Who contributes to the osmotic pressure?
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the albumins
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What is vasomotion?
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a periodic contraction and relaxation of precapillary sphincters
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Which system regulates short term of blood pressure?
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the nervous sympathetic system
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Which receptor regulates short term of blood pressure?
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the aortic arch baroreceptors
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Which hormone converts antiotensinogen to angiotensin 1?
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renin
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Which enzyme inhibitor may be used to treat hypertension?
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ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme)
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What is shock and its three stages?
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inadequate blood flow throught the body; stage 1 is compensated; stage 2 is progressive; and stage 3 is irreversible
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Identify the cell.
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target cell
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Identify the type of regulation for (a) and (b)
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(a) down regulation and (b) up regulation
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Identify which ligand is nonpolar, (a) or (b).
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(b) nonpolar ligand
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Identify the type of effect.
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cascade effect
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Identify the hypothalumus and the pituitary gland.
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hypothalamus is (A) and the pituitary gland is (D)
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Identify the hypothalamo hypophysial tract.
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two (2)
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Identify the selected cells.
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parafollicular cells
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Identified the selected item.
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parathyroid glands
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Identify A and B
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(A) cortex of the adrnal glands; and (B) medulla of the adrenal glands.
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Identify diagram
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hematopoiesis
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Identify slide.
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coagulation
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Identiy the diagram.
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(A) pulmonary trunk; (B) right ventricle; and (C) left ventricle
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Identify the diagram
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(A) aortic arch; (B) coronary sinus; and (C) inferior vena cava
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Identify the diagram
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(A) right coronary artery; and (B) great cardiac vein
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Identify the tricuspid and bicuspid valves.
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(A) tricuspid valve; and (B) bicuspid valve
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Identify the diagram
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(A) intercalated disc; and (B) nucleus
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Which number identifies the SA node?
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one (1)
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Identify the appropriate action potential.
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(A) skeletal muscle; and (B) cardiac muscle
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Identify (B) the obstructive artery.
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atherosclerosis
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Identify the procedure
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coronary artery bypass grafting (cabg)
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Identify the diagram.
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fenestrated capillary
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Identify the diagram
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sinusoid capillary
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Identify the diagram
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(A) relaxed and (B) constricted
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Identify the diagram
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tunica media
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Identify the diagram and name the system it creates.
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(A) anterior communicating and (B) posterior communicating; the cerebral arterial circle
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Identify the diagram.
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(A) external jugular vein; (B) subclavian vein; (C) internal jugular vein
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Identify the diagram
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(A) superior mesenteric vein and (B) splenic vein
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Identify the diagram
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great saphenous vein
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