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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 4 major nerves plexuses?
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Cervical, Brachial, Lumbar, and Sacral
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Which plexus distributes to C1-C5 and it's major nerve is the phrenic nerve?
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Cervical
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Which plexus distributes to C5-C8 and T1, and it's major nerves are the axillary, radial, median, musculocutaneous and ulnar nerves of the arm?
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Brachial
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Which plexus distributes to L1-L4 and it's major nerve is the femoral nerve?
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Lumbar
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Which plexus distributes to L4, L5, S1-S4 and it's major nerve is the sciatic nerve?
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Sacral
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Which rami (roots) forming the phrenic nerve "keep the diaphragm alive?"
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C3, C4, C5
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What are the 5 essential components of a reflex Arc?
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1. RECEPTOR is the site of stimulus action.
2. SENSORY NEURON transmits afferent impulses to CNS 3. INTEGRATION CENTER consists of 1+ neurons in the CNS 4. MOTOR NEURON conducts efferent impulses from the integration center to an effector organ. 5. EFFECTOR responds to efferent impulses |
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Why is reflex testing an important part of a physical exam?
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Because it is a diagnostic tool for assessing the condition of the nervous system.
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What is the difference between a reflex, conditioned reflex, and reaction?
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A reflex is automatic, fast, and predictable. A conditioned reflex is learned, and a reaction is non-predictable.
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Which spinal nerves contain motor fibers of the sympathetic system, along with sensory and motor fibers of the somatic system?
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T1-L2
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Which spinal nerves contain motor fibers of the parasympathetic system along with sensory and motor fibers of the somatic system?
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S2-S4
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What is the posteriormost part that is a blood rich nutritive region containing a dark pigment that prevents light scattering within the eye?
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Choroid
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What is chiefly composed of ciliary muscles, and helps control lens shape?
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Ciliary Body
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What is the clear fluid produced by the ciliary bodies?
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Aqueous Humor
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What is the specialized receptors for dim light/gray tones?
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Rods
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What is the specialized receptors for color that permit high levels of visual activity
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Cones
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What condition occurs when the drainage of the aqueous fluid is interfered and intraocular pressure begins to reach dangerously high levels compressing the retina and optic nerve resulting in pain and possible blindness?
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Glaucoma
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What condition occurs in the elderly when the lens becomes increasingly hard and opaque?
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Cataract
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What is the condition when an image normally focuses in the front of the retina. (Nearsightedness) Close objects can be seen but distant objects are blurred?
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Myopia
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What is the condition whan an image is focused behind the retina (Farsightedness) Distant vision is good but close objects are blurred?
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Hyperopia
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What is visual acuity?
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sharpness of vision, generally tested with a Snellen eye chart.
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