A&p Tissues

Front 1

4 types of tissues?

Back 1

epithelial
muscle
nervous
connective

Front 2

4 possible physical states of tissues?

Back 2

solid, semisolid, liquid

Front 3

Characteristics of epithelial tissues (ECM, nerve supply, blood supply)

Back 3

small amount of ECM
nervous
no direct blood supply

Front 4

Name the shapes of epithelial cells

Back 4

cuboidal, squamous, columnar, transitional

Front 5

Classify epithelial cells by layer type

Back 5

simple
stratified
pseudostratified

Front 6

Classify epithelial cells by function

Back 6

barrier (covering or lining)
glandular (secretion and absorption)

Front 7

Where are cuboidal epithelial cells found?

Back 7

ovaries, kidneys

Front 8

Where are squamous epithelial cells found?

Back 8

lips, cervix

Front 9

Where are columnar epithelial cells found?

Back 9

respiratory system, digestive tract, female reproductive system

Front 10

Where are transitional epithelial cells found?

Back 10

urinary bladder

Front 11

Where are simple epithelial cells found?

Back 11

kidneys, alveoli, blood vessels

Front 12

What is the main function of cuboidal epithelial cells?

Back 12

secretion and absorption, may have microvilli

Front 13

What is the main function of squamous epithelial cells?

Back 13

rapid diffusion

Front 14

What is the main function of columnar epithelial cells?

Back 14

protect tissues, may have cilia, microvilli

Front 15

Where are stratified epithelial cells found?

Back 15

dorsum of tongue, hard palate, esophagus

Front 16

Where are pseudostratified epithelial cells found?

Back 16

trachea, respiratory system

Front 17

What is the main function of simple epithelial cells?

Back 17

diffusion, secretion, absorption, osmosis, filtration

Front 18

Does connective tissue have nerve and blood supply?

Back 18

yes, except for cartilage

Front 19

Name the functions of connective tissue?

Back 19

storage of energy
protection of organs
structural framework for the body

Front 20

What are the main components of connective tissue?

Back 20

ECM, fibres, cells

Front 21

What are the two main components of the ECM?

Back 21

ground substance, fibres

Front 22

what are the possible states of ground substance?

Back 22

fluid, semifluid, gelatinous, calcified

Front 23

What are the three fibre types?

Back 23

collagen, elastic, reticular (fine mesh)

Front 24

What embryonic cells give rise to connective tissues?

Back 24

mesenchymal cells

Front 25

What cells are commonly found in connective tissue?

Back 25

fibroblasts, macrophages, plasma cells, mast cells, adipocytes

Front 26

What are the 5 types of mature connective tissues?

Back 26

loose, dense, cartilage, bone, liquid

Front 27

Areolar and adipose tissues fall into which category of connective tissues?

Back 27

Loose

Front 28

What are the three types of dense connective tissues? Give examples

Back 28

regular (tendons), irregular (dermis), and elastic (lung tissue, arteries)

Front 29

What are the three types of cartilage? Give an example of each

Back 29

hyaline (ribs, nose, trachea)
fibrocartilage (intervertebral, meniscus of the knee)
elastic (epiglottis, external ear)

Front 30

What are the two types of bone?

Back 30

spongy, compact

Front 31

Name the liquid connective tissues

Back 31

blood, lymph

Front 32

What are the differences between connective and epithelial cells?

Back 32

epithelial tightly packed
epithelial don't connect stuff together
epithelial has small amount of ECM
epithelial are organised into layers
epithelial are avascular

Front 33

What are the three types of muscle tissues? Give an example of each

Back 33

skeletal, biceps femoris
cardiac, heart
smooth, intestines, iris, urinary bladder

Front 34

Which muscle types are striated?

Back 34

Skeletal and cardiac

Front 35

Which muscle types are mononucleated?

Back 35

Cardiac and smooth

Front 36

What attaches cardiac muscles to each other?

Back 36

intercalcated discs

Front 37

What word describes the shape of smooth muscle cells?

Back 37

spindle

Front 38

What are the four properties of muscle tissue?

Back 38

extensibility
excitablility
elasticity
contractility

Front 39

What two cell types are classified as nervous tissue?

Back 39

nerves
glia

Front 40

Receptors are sensitive to which stimuli?

Back 40

heat/cold, light/dark, pressure

Front 41

Name the parts of a neuron

Back 41

soma, dendrites, axon, synaptic branches, synaptic bulbs,

Front 42

Name the neuron types

Back 42

afferent, efferent, interneurons

Front 43

Name the types of neuroglia

Back 43

astrocytes
oligodendrocytes
microglia
ependymal cells

Front 44

What are the two types of glands?

Back 44

endocrine and exocrine

Front 45

Give an example of exocrine cells

Back 45

goblet cells

Front 46

Where do endocrine glands secrete their product[s]?

Back 46

directly into interstitial fluid which diffuses into the bloodstream

Front 47

Which organs have both types of glands?

Back 47

pancreas, ovaries, testes

Front 48

Name the major endocrine glands

Back 48

pineal, pituitary, thyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, ovary, testis

Front 49

Name the major exocrine glands

Back 49

mammary, liver, bile duct, pancreatic duct

Front 50

What do endocrine glands secrete? Exocrine glands?

Back 50

hormones
digestive juices, other products

Front 51

What are the four types of membranes?

Back 51

Mucosa, serous, cutaneous and synovial

Front 52

What are the functions of mucosa?

Back 52

pathogen trap
gas exchange
nutrient absorption

Front 53

Mucosa lines a cavity that opens _____________________.

Back 53

directly to the exterior

Front 54

Where are mucous membranes found?

Back 54

nostrils, mouth, lips, eyelids, ears, genital area, anus

Front 55

What are the function of the epithelial layer of mucosa?

Back 55

barrier (esp. microbes)
no leaking (tight junctions)
mucous (goblet cells)
digestion (enzymes)

Front 56

What is the purpose of areolar connective tissue (lamina propria) in a mucous membrane?

Back 56

supports and binds epithelium, protection, vascular source

Front 57

Serosa lines a cavity _________________________.

Back 57

that does not open to the exterior

Front 58

Name organs protected by serosa

Back 58

lungs, heart, stomach, intestines

Front 59

What does a serous membrane consist of?

Back 59

areolar connective tissue
mesothelium

Front 60

what does mesothelium secrete?

Back 60

serous fluid

Front 61

What are the layers of a serous membrane?

Back 61

parietal - lines cavity
visceral - lines organ

Front 62

Which membrane type lacks an epithelial layer?

Back 62

synovial

Front 63

What does a synovial membrane consist of?

Back 63

synoviocytes, which secrete some of the components of synovial fluid

Front 64

Superficial skin is called?
Deeper skin is called?

Back 64

epidermis
dermis

Front 65

What type of membrane is skin?

Back 65

cutaneous