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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Epithelium role in skin |
Forms outer covers of external surfaces (epidermis). Is supported by CT because it is a vascular |
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Connective tissue Role in skin |
Underneath the dermis -dermis |
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Muscle role in skin |
Attached to hair follicles |
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Nerves role in skin |
Communication, allows for certain sensations |
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What are the functions of the skin? |
Thermoregulation, blood reservoir, protection, sensation, pain, excretion and absorption, synthesis of vit D |
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What is the epidermis made up of? |
Keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelium |
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Dermis |
Layer underneath epidermis- mostly connective tissue, thicker than epidermis |
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Subcutaneous |
Not a layer of skin- connects skin to underlying structures |
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What 4 types of cells are found in the epidermis? |
Keratinocytes, melanocytes, langerhans macrophages, Merkel cells |
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What are keratinocytes |
Keratin- Producing cells |
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What do melanocytes do? |
Produce pigment (melanin) |
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What do langerhans cells do? |
Ingest dead skin cells and potential pathogens |
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What do merkel cells do? |
Function in sensation, light touch |
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What are lamellar granules? |
Water-repelling substances |
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What is thin skin? |
Hairy skin that covers all body regions except for palms and soles |
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What is thick skin? |
Hairless skin that covers palms, soles, digits, and lips |
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What are the layers of skin (deepest to superficial) |
Stratum germinativum, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum,stratum corneum |
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What is stratum germinativum? |
Single row or keratinocytes, stem cells that reproduce keratinocytes, tactile discs, melanocytes, |
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What is stratum spinosum? |
Thickest portion of epidermis, about 10 rows of keratinocytes, intraepidermal macrophages roam freely |
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What is stratum granulosum? |
Keratinocytes start to die off, organelles disintegrate, keratin will remain, this layer produces lamellar granules |
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Stratum lucidum |
Only present in thick skin, affords an extra layer of physical protection, keratinocytes are dead |
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Stratum corneum |
Dead, flat keratinocytes, layer that is continually lost but replaced by other cells |
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What is keratinization? |
Action of filling a keratinocyte will keratin |
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What is the dermis composed of? |
CT containing collagen and elastic fibres |
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Where is the papillary region? |
Just below epidermis. Consist of areolar CT, dermal papillae, corpuscles of touch and free nerve endings |
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Where is reticular region? |
In dermis, dense, irregular CT (collagen, elastic fibres, adipose cells, hair follicles, nerves, oil glands, sweat glands) |
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Striae |
In dermis, stretch marks |
