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108 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is physiology?
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study of body functions
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Structure of an organism?
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- atom
- molecule - cell - tissue - organ - system - organism |
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Types of tissue?
Purpose of each? |
Epithelial: covers internal & external surface of body.
Connective: Most abundant. Forms cartidge & bone Muscular: Makes up muscle Nervous: Makes up nerves & nerve centers |
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What is in thoracic cavity?
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Ribs, Spine, Sternum, Sup. & Inf. Aperatures,
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Trachea is always _____ to esophogus.
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Anterior
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lung tissue is called?
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parenchyma
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Right lung has how many lobes?
Left lung? |
Right: 3. Sup, Middle, Inf
Left: Sup., Inf. |
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Where is the hylum? What enters thru the hylum?
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Each lung has a hylum. Primary bronchus
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What is a lumin?
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An opening of
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What does resp. systen consist of?
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Pharynx (also digestive), Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs.
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Which bronchi on bronchial tree is shorter, wider, more vertical?
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Right
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What is visceral plueral?
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inner layer.
Ex. Lines the lungs |
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What is parietal?
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outer layer that lines thoracic cavity
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What is pleural space?
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area between the pleural layers
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What divides lungs in to lobes?
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Fissures
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What is the endocrine system?
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ductless glands that secrete chemicals into bloodstream.
Glands, Thymus, Pancreas, Ovaries, Testies |
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What is the lymphatic system?
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Important part of immune system, also part of circulatory. Produces anti bodies & lymphocytes to help immunity. Maintains balance of fluids
Thymus, spleen, tonsils, bone marrow |
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What is the digestive system?
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Begins with mouth ends w. anus. 30 ft. long.
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What are the accessory organs of the digestive system?
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Salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
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Whats in bony thorax?
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Sternum, Ribs, Thoracic Vertebrae
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Landmark of manubrium?
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T2 & T3
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Landmark of body (corpus, gladilus) of stermun? It creates?
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T4 & T5, creates sternal angle.
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Landmark of xiphoid process (ensiforn)?
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T10
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Which are true ribs?
False? Floating? |
1-7
8-12 11-12 |
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lining of stomach is called?
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rugae
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Sternoclavicular art.?
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between upper extremties & trunk of body
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Costovertebral art.?
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Head art. with body of vert
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Costotransverse art.?
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Tubercle of 1-10 art. with transverse process of vetebrae
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COstochondral art.?
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1-10 ant. rib articulates with chondral
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Sternocostal art.?
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1-7 art. with sternum
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Head of rib is where?
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Connected to vertebrae
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Bronchial tree consists of?
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Bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
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What is pleurisy?
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Inflammtion of both visceral & parietal pleura in lungs. Dry.
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What is largest organ/gland?
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Liver
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Optimum kvp for abdomen?
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80
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What systems are in abdomen?
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Digestive & accesory organs
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What system is spleen in?
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CIRCULATORY & LYMPHATIC
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What is mesentary?
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double fold of peritoneum connecting sm. intestines to post. abdominal wall
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What is omentum?
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double fold that goes from stomach to another organ
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What is not part of the colon?
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Anus & rectum
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Parts of the small intestines?
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duodenum, judenum, ileum
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How many bones in body?
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206
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Left & Right hepatic duct come from ___ & form ___
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Liver. Common Hepatic duct.
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Common bile duct breaks off and forms ___ & ___.
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Common hepatic duct on right, Cystic duct on left
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Cystic duct leads to ___
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gallbladder.
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What does the spleen do?
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filters blood of damaged cells & helps immune system by destroying bacteria. Also stores extra blood for circulatory system
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Pancreas does what?
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Secretes insulin & pancreatic juice for digestion
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Exocrine gland does what?
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secretes juice into duodenum to digest fats, proteins, carbs
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Endocrine gland does what?
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secretes insulin into blood stream for sugar metabolism
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What stores bile?
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gallbladder
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where are..
Intraperitoneal organs? Retroperitoneal organs? Infraperitoneal organs? |
Organs within abdominal cavity
Organs attached to post. wall Located under peritoneum |
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What is peristalsis?
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Involuntary, muscular contractions of digestive tract
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What are 3 parts of the stomach?
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Fundus (most superior)
Body Piloric (empties into duodenum) |
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Where does chemical digestion take place?
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Duodenum ( small intestine )
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Horizontal lines in Addisons plane?
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Top: Transpyloric
Bottom: Transtubercle |
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Final part of digestion?
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chyme
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What sits in doudenum?
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common bile duct
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How many bones does hand have?
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27
14 phalanges 5 metacarpals 8 carpals |
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Where is the IP?
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Thumb. (First Digit)
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Base of Metacarpal art. with ____
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Carpals
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Carpals are what type of bones?
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Short bones.
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What carpals are on Proximal row?
Their other names? |
-Scaphoid/Navicular
-Lunate/Semilunar -Triquetrum/ Triquetral, Triangular, Triangular Pesiform |
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What carpals are on Distal row?
Their other names? |
Trapezium/Greater Martangular
Trapezoid/Lesser Martangular Capitate/Os Magnum Hamate/Unciform |
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Which carpal art. with radius?
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lunate
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Most distal part of radius? And on what side?
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Styloid process, Lateral
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Radius head on proximal or distal end?
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proximal
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Where is tuberosity on radius?
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Proximal end
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Head of ulna is where?
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Distal end, above styloid process
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Where is radial notch?
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lateral side of proximal ulna
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What does trochlea of humerus art. with?
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trochlear notch of ulna
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On internal rotation of forearm, you can see...
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Cornoid process
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Where are lesser & greater tubercles of humerus?
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proximal end
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Distal humerus condyle split into ___ & ___. Which is lat. med.?
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Trochlea & Capitulum.
Capitulum is med. Trochlea lat. |
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Where is subscapular fossa?
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Anterior side
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What fossas are on posterior side?
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Supra & infra spinous fossas
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Where is costal & dorsal surfaces of scapula?
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Costal- Anterior side
Dorsal- Posterior side |
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Where is spine of scapula?
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Posterior (dorsal) going horizontally, top.
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Foot has how many bones?
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26.
14 phalanges 5 metatarsals 7 tarsals |
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Biggest tarsal?
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Calcaneous (Os calsis)
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What makes up sinus tarsi?
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Bottom: Calcaneal sulcus
Top: Sulcus tarsi |
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How much head slant does femur have?
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20 degrees
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What does lesser & greater trochater form?
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Interchanteric crest ( posterior side )
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Where is adducter tubercle?
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On medial side, more posterior, on femur
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What is pelvis made up of?
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-2 hip bones
-Sacrum -Coccyx |
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HIp bone made up of?
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Ilium 2/5
Ishium 2/5 Pubis 1/5 |
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ABove brim of pelvis is called?
Below? |
Above: False or greater
Below: True or lesser |
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The brim forms?
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superior (inlet) & inferior aperature (outlet)
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Region between inlet & outlet?
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Pelvic cavity
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What is osteology?
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study of bones of body
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What unites bones?
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ligaments
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Bones divide into 2 divisions:
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Axial: supports head. 80
Appendicular: allows body to move in diff. positions. 126 |
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diaphysis of long bone?
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Shaft part. Filled with compact bone
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Epiphysis of long bone?
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The ends. with with cancellous/ spongy bone.
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Where is red marrow found?
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ends of long bones, produces red & white blood cells
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Where is yellow marrow found?
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in long bones medullary cavity. Strores fat/adipose cells.
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Where does blood travel through a bone? Covers everything but?
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periosteum, joint structures
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Bones classified by __. Which has 2 ____ : ____ & ____.
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shape. classes: structural & functional
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Synarthroses?
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immovable bone. (skull)
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Amphiarthroses?
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Slightly moveable. Pubic sym.
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Diarthroses?
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Freely moveable. SHoulder
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fibrous?
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no joint cavity, immovable
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synovial?
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permit wide range of movement
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Vertebral body & arch (the two main parts) enclose a space called?
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vertebral canal
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How are spinous process on thoracic vert.?
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long, 3 projections
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C1 & C2 are atypical. Their also called..
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Atlas and axis.
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How are spinous process on Lumbar vert.?
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thick and blunt.
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How are spinous process on cervial vert.?
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short wide and bifid tips
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How many bones in Adult spine? Kid?
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Adult: 26
Kid: 33 |
