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15 Cards in this Set
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Napoleon Bonaparte |
French Emperor/Dictator who conquered central Europe. (1769-1821) France He was a general in the French army, and was a fiery Jacobin. He was appointed to a brigadier general. He used a coup d'etat to rise to power, and placed the constitution of the Year III, naming himself the First Consul, Bonaparte, and took control of France. |
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Constitution of the Year III |
Constitution that declared male suffrage, democratic principles, checks and balances. December 1799 France To make Napoleon the First Consul, which was the ruler of France. Behind the male suffrage, democratic principles, etc, was the plan to make Napoleon ruler of France. |
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Napoleonic Code |
Also known as the Civil Code of 1804, safeguarded property and tried to secure French society against internal challenges. 1804 France and any country Napoleon conquered. To set laws to keep everyone the same. It safeguarded property, secured French society against internal challenges, and abolished all privileges based on birth. |
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Treaty of Tilsit |
Treaty b/w France and Russia. July 7, 1807 On a raft in the Niemen River. Russia was unwilling to fight another battle and unwilling to retreat. Confirmed France's gains, Prussia lost half its territory, Prussia openly and Russia secretly became allies of Napoleon. |
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Continental System |
A plan to cut off all British trade. 1807 Europe Cut off all British trade to cripple its economy, hoping to cause unrest and drive Britain from the war. Stopped rest of Europe from trade with Britain and the Milan Decree of 1807 supported it. |
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Scorched-Earth Policy |
Type of strategy planned by the Russians. 18th century Russia To make sure their enemies don't survive in their land. While they retreated, they burned everything behind them so their enemies couldn't survive off the land or gain anything from it if they managed to seize it. |
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Congress of Vienna |
An alliance that consisted of Austria, Prussia, Russia and Britain. September 1814-November 1815 Europe To make sure no sole European power dominated Europe again. The four great powers made changes to Europe by recognizing German states, changing policies of treaties, etc. |
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The Hundred Days |
Napoleon's return from Elba. March 1, 1815- June 18,1815 Europe Napoleon made a grab for the throne again, trying to gain control. Since the coalition seemed to be dissolving in Vienna, Napoleon seized the opportunity, escaped to France, and regained power. People were still loyal to him and ready to fight with him.
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Battle of Waterloo |
Napoleon's final battle. June 18, 1815 Belgium Napoleon promised a liberal constitution and a peaceful foreign policy, but the allies were not convinced. They declared him an outlaw and sent their armies to crush him. Wellington defeated Napoleon at Waterloo and he was again exiled, now to Saint Helena, where he died in 1821. |
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Romanticism |
A reaction against much of the thought of the Enlightenment. 18th century Europe and the Americas It was against the Enlightenment, trying to defy the ways of the Enlightenment thinkers. Romantics were interested in fairy tales, hallucinations, phenomena, etc. |
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Immanuel Kant |
A Romantic who accepted the rationalism of the Enlightenment and to still preserve a belief in human freedom, immortality, and the existence of God. 1724-1804 Germany He argued for the subjective character of human knowledge. He found the sphere of reality that was accessible to pure reason to be limited. |
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Categorical Imperative |
An innate sense of moral duty or an awareness. 18th century Europe Kant believed that all human beings posses this. This term refers to an inner command to act in every situation as one would have all other people always act in the same situation. |
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Sublime |
Subjects from nature that aroused strong emotions, such as fear, dread, and awe. 18th century Europe Romantic artists portrayed this and raised questions about whether and how much we control our lives. Painters often traveled to remote areas to capture this feeling/portray it in their work. |
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Methodism |
Was a revolt against deism and rationalism in the Church of England. Middle of 18th century England. John Wesley founded it, and he and his brother began to organize Methodist societies. John Wesley could not preach his version of Christian conversion and practical piety in Anglican church pulpits, so he began to preach in the open fields near the cities and towns of western England. |
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Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel |
The most important philosopher of history in the Romantic period. 1770-1831 Germany He believed ideas develop in an evolutionary fashion that involves conflict. He believed that at any given time, a thesis holds sway, then the antithesis challenged the thesis, and as the patterns of thought clash, a synthesis emerges which becomes the new thesis. |
