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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Aspirin |
Cyclooxygenase inhibitor SALICYLATE inhibits expression of transcription factor NFkB which plays a key role in transcription of genes for inflammatory mediators.
acts by irreversibly inactivating both Cox 1 and Cox 2
side effects: dyspepsia, nausea vomiting other GI effects. therapeutic doses: some GI bleeding large: dizziness, deafness, tinnitus toxic doses: encephalitis in children (reyes) and uncompendated metabolic
used for: cardiovascular conditions because it has the ability to inhibit platelet aggregation
short term use as an analgesic |
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celecoxib |
Cyclooxygenase inhibitor COXIB
moderately cox-2 selective
side effects : GI effects and inhibition of cox-2 can lead hypertension
clinical use: RA, OA, AS and H+M |
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diclofenac |
Cyclooxygenase inhibitor PHENYLACETATE
weekly cox-2 selective with moderate potency
side effects: in addition of cox-2 can lead to hypertension
Uses: RA, OA, G, MS, PO |
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etoricoxib |
Cyclooxygenase inhibitor COXIB
very Cox 2 selective
side effects: inhibition of cox-2 can lead to hypertension; extensively metabolized by liver with high amount of plasma protein binding
uses:RA, OA, G |
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Ibuprofen |
Cyclooxygenase inhibitor PROPIONATE
weekly cox-1 selective
side effects: safe for children, sold over the counter; dyspepsia nausea vomiting GI effects, can lead to intestinal damage /hemorrhaging
uses: RA, OA, MS, PO, D , H+M |
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Indomethacin |
Cyclooxygenase inhibitor INDOLE
weak cox-1 selective
side effects: dyspepsia, nausea vomiting, other GI effects; chronic use can lead to intestinal damage and hemorrhaging
uses: RA, OA, MS, PO, D |
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Naproxen |
Cyclooxygenase inhibitor PROPIONATE
weak cox-1 selective
side effects: dyspepsia nausea vomiting, GI effects; chronic use can lead to intestinal damage and hemorrhaging
uses: RA, OA, G, MS, PO, D Treat chronic pain and anti inflammatory |
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piroxicam |
Cyclooxygenase inhibitor OXICAM
weak cox-2 selective
inhibition of cox-2 can lead to hypertension
uses: treats chronic pain, RA, OA, G, MS, PO |
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Sulindac |
Cyclooxygenase inhibitor INDENE
weak cox-2 selective with oxygen radical scavenging effects
side effects: can lead to hypertension
uses: RA, OA, G, MS may aid in decrease in tissue damage |
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Tenoxicam |
Cyclooxygenase inhibitor OXICAM
uses: RA, OA , MS |
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Sodium Aurothiomalate |
DMARD-Gold compound side effects: skin rashes, proteinurina, thrombocytopenia and blood dycrasias used to treat RA and JRA .. given by deep intramuscular injection and nitially at a weekly rate and then at a monthly basis |
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Auranofin |
DMARD-GOLD compound
Inhibit the induction of IL-1 and TNF-alpha
side effects: skin rashes, proteinuria, thrombocytopenia and blood dycrasias uses: given orally to treat RA and JRA if pt isnt responding to other treatments, effects developed over the course of three to four months |
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Choroquine |
DMARD-GOLD antimalarial (4- aminoquinoline) used: to treat RA and SLE when other therapies fail; effects do not appear until a month or more after the drug has been started |
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methotrexate |
DMARD-folic acid antagonist (immunomodulator)
Targets inflammatory cells
side effects: dyspepsia and liver cirrhosis
uses: common first choice for treating RA and OD because it has a rapid onset compared to other DMARDs and superior efficacy and less unwanted effects
First choice job can also be used in Crohn's disease and cancer treatments |
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Azathioprine |
DMARD-Immunomodulator inhibits both purines and pyrimidines synthesis which prevents DNA replication and reproduction most act during the induction phase of immunological response depresses both cell mediated and antibody mediated immune reactions uses: RA , use an iPad therapies feel and in transplant rejection |
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Ciclosporin |
Immunosuppressant- naturally occurring in fungus
this cyclic peptide inhibits IL-2 production production or action via decreased Clonal proliferation of Tcells
can also reduce induction, clonal proliferation of cytotoxic t cells from CD8 precursor cells
side effects: nephrotoxicity, heptotoxicity, and hypertension
uses: poorly absorbed by mouth so generally given by IV
can be given in emulsion form for treatment of MGD-restais |
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tacrolimus |
immunosuppressant drug- macrolide antibiotic of fungal origin similar action to ciclosporin but with higher potency and has a different internal receptor (FKBP) complex inhibits calcineurin which ultimately reduced IL-2 Side effects: nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity with more severe rxn than ciclosporin can also cause GID and thrombocytopenia and hyperlipidemia uses: organ transplant and severe atopic eczema - given orally by OV or as ointment |
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Mycophenolate Mofetil |
immunosuppressant - semisynthetic derivative of fungal antibiotic
Converted to mycophenolic acid in the body which inhibits Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase leading to restrain proliferation of both t & B lymphocytes
reduces the production of cytotoxic T cells
side effects: unwanted GI effects
prevents organ rejection |
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Daclizumab |
anticytokine drugs ( biopharmaceutical) Prevent the rejection of transplanted solid organs by blocking the IL-2 receptor and suppressing T cell proliferation used in transplant surgery |
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Etanercept |
anticytokine -fusion protein
Forms and acts as a decoy receptor which traps TNF alpha (target) preventing it from continuing the inflammatory cascade
side effect: may cause TB and hepatitis B
uses : treatment for moderate to severe RA as well as PA, SA, PP and CD |
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Infliximab |
anticytokine- monoclonal antibodies - chimeric in nature
targets TNF-ALPHA
side effects : they kill the host by compliments induced lysis
may cause TB and hepatitis B
uses: moderate to severe RA |
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Anakinrna |
anticytokine drug- recombinant protein targets IL-1 side effects : may cause TB and hepatitis B uses : moderate to severe RA |
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rituximab |
anticytokine
Target's receptors on leukocytes disrupting immune signaling or cell trafficking
by preventing leukocytes you prevent the production of inflammatory mediators
side effects : may cause TB and hepatitis B
uses: treatment of RA |
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Allopurinol |
Inhibits uric acid synthesis by non competitive inhibition of xanthine oxidase also inhibits the formation of kidney stones side effects : GID, allergic reactions and blood problems uses: treatment of gout |
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Probenecid |
uricosuric agent Increasing uric acid excretion of urine by directly acting on renal tubule side effect: cannot be taken with aspirin or salicylates as they will neutralize each other and no effect will be seen use: treatment of gout in patients that have had reactions allopurinol |
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rasburicase |
uricosuric agent Contains enzymes and acid oxidase which degrades uric acid oxidizes uric acid in blood to something more easily excreted |
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Colchicine |
alkaloid
Prevents the migration of neutrophils into the joint by binding to tubulin; this results in a depolymerization of the microtubules and reduced cell ability to migrate
can also prevent the production of purative inflammatory glycoprotein by neutrophils that have phagocytosed urate crystals
inhibiting leukocyte migration to the joint
side effects: nausea vomiting abdominal pain; large doses can cause GI hemorrhaging and kidney damage
uses: useful in gout arthritis and used to prevent acute attacks |
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hydrocortisone |
corticosteroid
Inhibits multiple anti inflammatory cytokines
alternative to an NSAID to treat acute gout |
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paracetamol |
NSAID - potent analgesic, antipyretic..WEAK anti -inflammatory
inhibits CNS COX isoform
is converted to N- acetyl-p- benzoquinone imine
side effects: once converted can react with cell proteins and can kill the cell--potentially fatal by liver damage |
