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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Three Types of Social Inequality
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Egalitarian, Ranked, Stratified
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Egalitarian
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none, or very few, differences in access to rewards between families or
other kin groups. |
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Ranked
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equal access to wealth and power, but there are some people or groups with
more access to prestige. |
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Stratified
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major differences in access to wealth, power, and prestige between people
or groups. |
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two major kinds of strata found in stratified societies are
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castes and classes
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Three Types of Social Inequality
|
Egalitarian, Ranked, Stratified
|
|
|
Egalitarian
|
none, or very few, differences in access to rewards between families or
other kin groups. |
|
|
Ranked
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equal access to wealth and power, but there are some people or groups with
more access to prestige. |
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Stratified
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major differences in access to wealth, power, and prestige between people
or groups. |
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two major kinds of strata found in stratified societies are
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castes and classes
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Classes
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A category of persons who have about the same opportunity to obtain economic
resources, power, and prestige. |
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Castes
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Closed Systems, You dont not move from category you are born in to.
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The four basic forms of Political Organization from least to most complex):
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Bands, Tribes, Chiefdoms, States
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Bands
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egalitarian, Usually Foragers, 25-50 people
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Tribes
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egalitarian or ranked, usually horticulturalists or pastoralist (500-20,000)
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Chiefdoms
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ranked (between Tribes And States)
Horticulturalist and Agriculturalists (3,000- 30,000) |
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States
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stratified (social classes, Agriculturalist) Supported by bureaucracy
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chiefdoms lack
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distinct social classes
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Social Control
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Mechanisms by which behavior is constrained and directed into acceptable
channels, thus maintaining conformity. |
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Law
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A kind of social control characterized by the presence of authority, intention of universal
application, obligation, and sanction. |
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Legal Systems (two main levels)
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1) Self-Help Systems
2) Court Systems |
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Self-Help Systems
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are informal and found in societies without centralized political systems—
authorities who settle disputes are defined by circumstances of the case. |
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Familial
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actions and decisions are executed by the families or larger kin groups
involved (bands). |
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Mediator
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adds a neutral third party who attempts to negotiate and resolve the dispute
peacefully (generally tribes). |
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Court Systems
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exist only in societies that have centralized formal political leadership
(chiefdoms or states). |
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Types of Court Systems
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Courts of Mediation, Courts of Regulation
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Courts of Mediation
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Legal concepts based on the reasonable-person model.
(usually chiefdoms and smaller states) |
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Courts of Regulation
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Laws and sanctions are formally codified (states)
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