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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Affinal kin |
One's relatives by marriage |
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Ambilineal descent |
The rule of descent that affiliates individuals with groups of kin related to them through men or women |
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Avunculocal residence |
A pattern of residence in which a married couple settles with or near the husband's mother's brother |
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Bilateral kinship |
The type of kinship system in which individuals affiliate more or less equally with their mother's and father's relatives |
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Clan (sib) |
A set of kin whose members believe themselves to be descended from a common ancestor or ancestors but cannot specify the links back to that founder; often designated by a totem |
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Classificatory term |
Kinship terms that merge or equate relatives who are genealogically distinct from one another; the same term is used for a number of different kin |
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Consanguineal kin |
One's biological relatives; relatives by birth |
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Descriptive term |
Kinship term used to refer to a genealogically distinct relative; a different term is used for each relative |
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Double descent (double unilineal descent) |
A system that affiliates individuals with a group of matrilineal kin for some purposes and with a group of patrilineal kin for other purposes |
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Ego |
In the reckoning of kinship, the reference point or focal person |
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Kindred |
A bilateral set of close relatives |
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Lineage |
A set of kin whose members trace descent from a common ancestor through known links |
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Matriclans |
A clan tracing descent through the female line |
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Matrilineage |
A kin group whose members trace descent through known links in the female line from a common female ancestor |
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Matrilineal descent |
The rule of descent that affiliates individuals with kin of both sexes related to them through women only |
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Matrilocal residence |
A pattern or residence in which a married couple lives with or near the wife's parents |
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Moiety |
A unilineal descent group in a society that is divided into two such maximal groups; there may be smaller unilineal descent groups as well |
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Neolocal residence |
A pattern of residence whereby a married couple lives separately, and usually at some distance, from the kin of both spouses |
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Patriclans |
A clan tracing descent through the male line |
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Patrilineage |
A kin group whose members trace descent through known links in the male line from a common male ancestor |
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Patrilineal descent |
The rule of descent that affiliates individuals with kin of both sexes related to them through men only |
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Patrilocal residence |
A pattern of residence in which a married couple lives with or near the husband's parents |
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Phratry |
A unilineal descent group composed of a number of supposedly related clans (sibs) |
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Rules of descent |
Rules that connect individuals with particular sets of kin because of known or presumed common ancestry |
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Siblings |
A person's brothers or sisters |
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Totem |
A plant or animal associated with a clan (sib) as a means of group identification; may have other special significance for the group |
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Unilineal descent |
Affiliation with a group of kin through descent links of one sex only |
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Unilocal residence |
A pattern of residence that specifies just one set of relatives that the married couple lives with or near |
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Achieved qualities |
Those qualities people acquire during their lifetime |
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Age-grade |
A category of people who happen to fall within a particular, culturally distinguished age range |
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Age-set |
A group of people of similar age and the same sex who move together through some or all of life's stages |
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Ascribed qualities |
Those qualities that are determined for people at birth |
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Associations |
An organized group not based exclusively on kinship or territory |
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Unisex association |
An association that restricts its membership to one sex, usually male. |
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Universally ascribed qualities |
Those ascribed qualities (age, sex) that are found in all societies |
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Variably ascribed qualities |
Those ascribed qualities (such as ethnic, religious, or social class differences) that are found only in some societies |
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Bride pride (bride wealth) |
A substantial gift of goods or money given to the bride's kin by the groom or his kin at or before the marriage |
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Bride service |
Work performed by the groom for his bride's family for a variable length of time either before or after the marriage |
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Cross-cousins |
Children of siblings of the opposite sex. One's cross-cousins are the father's sisters' children and mother's brothers' children |
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Dowry |
A substantial transfer of goods or money from the bride's family to the bride |
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Endogamy |
The rule specifying marriage to a person from inside one's own group |
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Exogmay |
The rule specifying marriage to a person from outside one's own group |
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Extended family |
A family consisting of two or more single-parent, monogamous, polygynous, or polyandrous families linked by a blood tie |
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Family |
A social and economic unit consisting minimally of a parent and a child |
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Fraternal polyandry |
The marriage of a woman to two or more brothers at the same time |
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Group marriage |
Marriage in which more than one man is married to more than one woman at the same time; not customary in any known human society |
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Incest taboo |
Prohibition of sexual intercourse or marriage between mother and son, father and daughter, and brother and sister; often extends to other relatives |
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Independent family |
A family unit consisting of one monogamous family, or one polygynous or one polyandrous family |
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Indirect dowry |
Goods given by the groom's kin to the bride(or her father, who passes most of them to her) at or before her marriage |
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Levirate |
A custom whereby a man is obliged to marry his brother's widow |
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Marriage |
A socially approved sexual and economic union, usually between a man and a woman, that is presumed by both the couple and others to be more or less permanent, and that subsumes reciprocal rights and obligations between the two spouses and between spouses and their future children |
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Monogamy |
Marriage between only one man and only one woman at a time |
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Nonfraternal polyandry |
Marriage of a woman to two or more men who are not brothers |
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Nonsororal polygyny |
Marriage of a man to two or more women who are not sisters |
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Nuclear family |
A family consisting of a married couple and their young children |
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Parallel cousins |
Children of siblings of the same sex. One's parallel cousins are the father's brothers' children and the mother's sisters' children |
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Polyandry |
The marriage of one woman to more than one man at a time |
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Polygamy |
Plural marriage; on individual is married to more than one spouse simultaneously |
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Polygyny |
The marriage of one man to more than one woman at a time |
