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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the peak age for anorexia nervosa? |
16 years old |
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Which age group does bulimia commonly occur in? |
late adolescence-early adulthood |
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When is anorexia nervosa most likely to begin? |
Early-middle adolescence |
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What are some common characteristic of anorexia nervosa? |
- refusal to maintain normal body weight - intense fear of gaining weight or of being ‘fat’ - body image disturbance - denial of seriousness of low weight - absence of 3 consecutive menstrual cycles - used weight loss as a means of control - other characteristics (depression, obsessive or compulsive behaviour, perfectionism) |
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What are risk factors/causes of anorexia? |
no single cause, wide range of factors including; Personal Social Family History of mental illness |
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What are some personal risk factors for anorexia nervosa? |
- perfectionist/high achiever - all or none thinking - likes for things to be in order - anxious - self conscious - overly sensitive to opinions of others |
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What are some social factors for anorexia nervosa? |
- society’s emphasis on thinness is pretty and fat is not - pressure to achieve - gender stereotyping (girls are slim and guys are muscly) |
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What are some social factors for anorexia nervosa? |
- society’s emphasis on thinness is pretty and fat is not - pressure to achieve - gender stereotyping (girls are slim and guys are muscly) |
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What are some family factors? |
history of depression, eating disorder or alcoholism in family, extremely overprotective family or family obsessed with perfectionism |
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The idea of weight gain in a person with anorexia is seen as... |
An unacceptable failure of self control |
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What are the most common mental illnesses to accompany anorexia nervosa? |
Depression Anxiety Obsessive compulsive disorder Substance abuse |
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Diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa? |
1) restriction of food = extremely low weight 2) intense fear of having weight/getting fat 3) persistent behaviour that stops the person from gaining weight (vomiting, laxatives, diuretics, excessive exercise) 4) disturbance in the way in which ones body weight or shape is experienced (view them self as extremely fat when they’re the opposite) |
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What is the restricting type of eating disorders? |
Dieting, fasting, exercising and had not engaged in binge eating for past 3 months |
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What would be the skin appear as in someone with anorexia nervosa? |
- pale and dry - poor skin turgor - lanugo |
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What cardiovascular effects as a result of electrolyte imbalance would be present in a person with anorexia nervosa? |
- valve prolapse - arrhythmias - bradycardia or tachycardia - hypotension - weakness and fatigue |
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What cardiovascular effects as a result of electrolyte imbalance would be present in a person with anorexia nervosa? |
- irregular and slow heart rate - arrhythmias - bradycardia or tachycardia - hypotension - weakness and fatigue - dizziness and fainting |
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What gastrointestinal effects would a person with anorexia nervosa present with? |
- bowel problems - constipated - diarrhoea - cramps/abdo pain |
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What endocrine effects does anorexia nervosa have? |
disrupted menstrual cycle (irregular or ammenorhoea) |
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What is a common health issue in bulimic patients? |
Dental erosions due to self induced vomiting |
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What is a common health issue in bulimic patients? |
Dental erosions due to self induced vomiting |
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What is the key feature that distinguishes a person with bulimia from a person with anorexia? |
Weight. Person with bulimia is likely to have a normal body weight and less likely to require hospitalisation |
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What are the main goal of inpatient care for someone with an eating disorder? |
- medical stabilisation - close medical monitoring - weight restoration - safety - psychotherapy and psychoeducation |
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What are some specific nursing interventions relating to the care of a patient with eating disorder? |
- monitory caloric intake and electrolyte status - observe for purging or other compensation behaviour - weight at regular intervals (careful consideration when sharing weight with patient) - Deter focus on weight after eating - dietician - therapy and support groups - decision making (but not related to food) - positive self concept |
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What is the best psychotherapy for a patient with eating disorders? |
Cognitive behavioural therapy |
