Ancient Sport History Final

Front 1

Kallipateria

Back 1

Woman disguised as coach

Front 2

Atalanta

Back 2

The myth who would marry man who could beat her in footrace

Front 3

Kynsika of Sparta

Back 3

First female Olympic victor in Hippikos Agon

Front 4

Heraian Games

Back 4

Olympic Games for Women

Front 5

Xystoi

Back 5

Covered track for bad weather

Front 6

Domitian

Back 6

1st Century Roman Emporer, created Capitolian Games

Front 7

Chrematitic

Back 7

Money games

Front 8

Stephanitic

Back 8

Crown games

Front 9

Obsonion

Back 9

Food allowances to victors

Front 10

Syracuse

Back 10

City-state famous for "mercenary athletes"

Front 11

Kroton

Back 11

Dominant city-state in 6th century

Front 12

Timon the Elean

Back 12

Athlete who won all the games but the Isthmian due to political reasons

Front 13

Zappas Olympics/Zappas Games

Back 13

These were the predecessing games to the Olympics, 1859 - 1888

Front 14

Hadrian

Back 14

Emperor who reinvigorated the Panathenian and Olympic games

Front 15

Thermae

Back 15

Roman word for baths

Front 16

Galen

Back 16

The best and most famous Roman doctor, father of sports medicine

Front 17

Pantheon

Back 17

Temple dedicated to all of the gods, a marvel of engineering due to its' concrete dome

Front 18

Trigon

Back 18

Ancient game played with three players and two balls, passed balls around triangle to confuse each other

Front 19

Ludi

Back 19

Term for "game/ amusement"

Front 20

Munera

Back 20

Term for "blood sports"

Front 21

Naumachia

Back 21

Term for "naval reenactments"

Front 22

Vespasian

Back 22

Emperor who began the building of the Colosseum

Front 23

Velarium

Back 23

Term for the huge awning used to shade spectators at the Colosseum

Front 24

404 A.D.

Back 24

The year of the last known gladiatorial game

Front 25

St. Telemachus

Back 25

According to legend, the monk who died in the arena trying to stop a fight

Front 26

A.D. 410

Back 26

The year that Alaric and the Goths destroy the Circus Maximus and the Colosseum, take over Rome

Front 27

Tao Te Ching

Back 27

"Book of the Way", written by Lao Tzu, influential book which shaped Chinese thinking to this day. "Truth involves letting nature take its course."

Front 28

Tarahumara Indians

Back 28

This group of people were known for their great distance running

Front 29

Nubian Wrestling

Back 29

Ancient sport, made animal sounds before/during match, won by throwing loser to the groud, evidence that some females participated too

Front 30

Kegels

Back 30

An ancient form of bowling, adopted by monks in Germany and used as teaching device

Front 31

Stoolball

Back 31

Medieval sport which was precursor to Baseball or Cricket

Front 32

1400 - 1600 A.D.

Back 32

The rough time frame of the Renaissance

Front 33

Florence, Italy

Back 33

Generally considered the birthplace of the Renaissance

Front 34

Realism

Back 34

Art feature which grew with the Renaissance

Front 35

Humanism

Back 35

Renaissance scholars embraced this, believing the beauty of nature, beauty of mankind should be celebrated

Front 36

Martin Luther

Back 36

German Augustinian Monk who initiated the Reformation

Front 37

Indulgences

Back 37

Paper certificates which bought one's way out of purgatory, Luther objected to them

Front 38

Sola Fide, Sola Gratia, Sola Scriptura
(Faith alone, Grace alone, Scripture alone)

Back 38

Martin Luther's quoted argument against indulgences

Front 39

John Calvin

Back 39

French theologian, forms his own religion leading to Puritans, most baptists, reformed, etc.

Front 40

Henry VIII (8th)

Back 40

King of England who established the Church of England with himself as the head

Front 41

Bloody Mary

Back 41

Henry VIII's daughter, became queen and persecuted Protestants, encourages more bad blood

Front 42

James I

Back 42

King of Scotland and England from 1603 - 1625, published the King's Book of Sports

Front 43

1618 Declaration on Lawful Sports

Back 43

Also known as The King's Book of Sports, it attempted to compromise and with and chastise the Puritans at the same time. Basically says that people can play sports on Sunday after church

Front 44

Jamestown

Back 44

Colony established in 1607 that is a failure due to lack of work

Front 45

Massachusetts

Back 45

Colony settled by Puritans, successful due to work ethic

Front 46

Secular, equal opportunity to compete, specialization of roles, rationalization, bureaucratic organization, quantification, quest for records

Back 46

Allen Guttmann's Characteristics of Modern Sport

Front 47

l'uomo universalle

Back 47

Latin for the "whole man"

Front 48

Rene Descartes

Back 48

Mathematician and Philosopher, father of modern dualism, questions of doubt, "I think, therefore I am."

Front 49

Pierre-Simon Laplace

Back 49

French scientist, proponent of scientific materialism, said knowledge of atomic positions would grant ultimate knowledge

Front 50

Foreign/Familiar, Inheritance, Critical Inquiry, Choices

Back 50

Dr. T's Four Reasons Why to Study Sport History

Front 51

Materialism

Back 51

Philosophy which states entire universe can be explained as material. Only the material is real.

Front 52

Dualism

Back 52

Philosophy which states human beings are both material and immaterial parts, the soul/mind and the body.

Front 53

Holism

Back 53

Philosophy which states human beings are wholes. The human is more than the sum of its parts.

Front 54

Gobleki Tepe

Back 54

Neolithic temple, emphasizes importance of religion, sources

Front 55

Homer

Back 55

Wrote the Iliad, Odyssey, first case of sport literature.

Front 56

Aristotle

Back 56

holist, chronicled Olympic victors

Front 57

Plato

Back 57

Philosopher who was dualist, attended Olympic Games

Front 58

Socrates

Back 58

Oracle at Delphi proclaims him "wisest man in Greece; know that you don't know"

Front 59

Antikythara Mechanism

Back 59

Ancient computer/calendar, shatters assumptions regarding ancient technology. Used to track Olympic cycle.

Front 60

Alexander the Great

Back 60

Man who conquers "known world", spreads hellenism

Front 61

Nero

Back 61

Roman Emporer who demanded Games be rescheduled, lost at Olympia but still won the chariot race.

Front 62

Lao Tzu

Back 62

Wrote the Tao Te Ching

Front 63

Augustine

Back 63

Philosopher, insists on inherent goodness of the body (created by God), opposes Roman Gladiator Games, Dualistic? Holistic?

Front 64

Aquinas

Back 64

Man who integrates Aristotle into Roman Catholic Church, reaffirms Augustine's position regarding inherent goodness of embodiment, wrote Summa Theologica

Front 65

• sacred
• martial (war like, military)
• local
• durable (slow to change)
• unequal

Back 65

Some Basic Characteristics of Traditional (Ancient) Sports (According to Dr. Guttmann)