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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What Chinese product was prized as the finest in the world?
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porcelain
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Why is the Hwang He river called the "River of Sorrows"?
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the loess settles to the bottom of the river causing to flood the surrounding homes and farmland
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In the process of silk making, who was responsible for taking care of the silkworms and turning the cocoons into thread?
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women
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Who was the chief or main god of the Shang Dynasty?
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Shang Di
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Why did the women of the Tang Dynasty bind their feet?
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it became a symbol of female nobility
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What caused the collapse of the first empire (Qin)?
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Shi Huangdi died
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Which dynasty can be credited for the following achievements:
365 1/4 day calendar silk making book making astronomy - seeing Hailey's comet |
Zhou Dynasty
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What was an important effect of having a system of writing?
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it fostered unity among the different regions of China
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During the Tang and Song Dynasties, how could merchants move up to the gentry class?
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purchase of land and education
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Put the following social classes of the Tang and Song Dynasties in the correct order: gentry, merchants, peasants
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gentry, peasants, merchants
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What were the five relationships of Confucianism?
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father/son
elder brother/younger brother husband/wife ruler/subject friend/friend |
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What is the Yin and Yang?
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a delicate balance in the universe between two forces
Yin - earth, darkness, and female forces Yang - heaven, light, and male forces |
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Why were merchants below the peasants in the Tang and Song Dynasties?
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because they made their money off of others
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How long was the Silk Road?
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4,000 miles
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Legalism was based on the teachings of whom?
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Hanfeizi
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Why is the Chinese language so difficult to learn?
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students must memorize up to 10,000 characters
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Why was Sui Wendi so important?
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reunited north and south China and led the way for the Tang and Song Dynasties
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What advances in farming allowed the Zhou to grow more food?
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iron axes and ox-drawn iron plows
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Who had the Great Wall of China built?
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Shi Huangdi
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define veneration of ancestors
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the ancestors would serve as messengers for their families prayers and would take them to Shang Di
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What was the purpose of the Great Wall and did it work?
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to keep invaders out and no, it did not work
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What were the barriers of the
west/southwest southeast north east? |
west/southwest - mountains such as the Tien Shan and Himilayans and deserts
southeast - jungles north - Gobi deserts east - pacific ocean |
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How did Taoist feel about govenment?
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the best government was one that governed the least
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What was the social hierarchy (upper, middle and lower classes) of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties?
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1. emperors, kings, nobles
2. merchants 3. peasants |
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Which dynasty is associated with burning books on literature and philosophy?
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Qin Dynasty
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Why is the Huang He River also known as the Yellow River?
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the loess that settles into it gives it a yellow color
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define li
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ideal way of behaving
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define mandate of heaven
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divine right to rule
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What was the best type of ruler according to Confucious?
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The best ruler was a virtuous man who led by example.
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Who was the founder of Confuncianism?
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Confucious
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define ren
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all encompassing virtue of good conduct
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Were the people of the Zhou Dynasty polytheistic or monotheistic?
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polytheistic
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What emperor can be credited with the following sweeping changes?
uniform weights and measures uniform writing improving roads and canals law on uniform cart axles |
Shi Huangdi
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What became China's most valuable export during the Zhou Dynasty?
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silk
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What did Wang Chong believe?
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no scientific theories should be accepted unless they were supported by proof
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define loess
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fine yellow soil
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Who was Gao Zu and how did he become emperor?
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an illiterate peasant who led rebellion - claimed mandate of heaven to take over and establish Han dynasty
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What types of goods were brought into China from the silk road?
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ostrich eggs, grapes, figs, cucumbers, and walnuts
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define filial piety
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respect for parents above all other duties
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When and why was Buddhism more popular?
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It was more popular in times of crisis because it offered salvation - one thing the others did not
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Which of the following had the greatest emphasis on education: Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, or Legalism?
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Confucianism
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Who was the most famous Han emperor?
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Wudi
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What type of government was the Qin Dynasty?
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legalist
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define alchemy
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trying to turn ordinary metals into gold
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Which Han emperor can be credited with the following achievements?
set up Imperial Univerisities repaired roads and canals set up granaries set up a monopoly on iron and salt chose officials from Confucianism |
Wudi
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define pagoda
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a multistoried temple with eaves that curve up at the corners
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What two Dynasties were considered the Golden Ages?
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Tang and Song
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What was the main goal of the Taoist?
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to find "the way"
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When Shi Huangdi began his crackdown on dissent, how did he do it and who was hardest hit?
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he jailed, tortured, or killed feudal nobles and Confucian Scholars
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define gentry
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wealthy landowners
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Why did the Han Dynasty collapse?
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peasant revolts
corruption in government roads and canals fell apart powerful warlords were hard to control |
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During the Tang and Song Dynasties how could peasants move up to the gentry class?
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government service and education
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How did the silk road begin?
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Wudi sent army looking for horses and sent gifts of silk to cement alliances
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When did women enjoy a higher status?
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early Tang and Song times
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What did Cai Lan invent?
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paper
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What was the most respected form of Chinese literature during the Tang and Song Dynasties?
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poetry
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Where was the Song Dynasty located?
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south of the Huang He river
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Why was Buddhism hard to accept when it first began arriving in China?
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difficulties in translating from Sanskrit to Chinese - Chinese valued family loyalty (filial piety) while Buddhism honored those who left thier families
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Which Dynasty can be credited with the following achievements?
paper making fishing reels wheel barrows suspension bridges ship rudders |
The Han Dynasty
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Under Emperor Wudi, where were the Chinese outposts located?
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Korea, N. Vietnam, Tibet and Central Asia
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According, to Legalism how could social order be achieved?
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passing strict laws and enforcing them with harsh punishments
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Who was the founder of Buddhism?
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Guatama
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What led to the collapse of the Tang Dynasty?
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government corruption
high taxes drought, famine, rebellion |
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Who can the following inventions be credited to?
dyes, gunpowder, medicine, and porcelain |
Taoist
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Who was the founder of Taoism?
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Laozi
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What type of government was the Han Dynasty?
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Confucianist
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What did Tang Taizong do to help the government and economy?
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uniform system of writing
civil service exams set up schools developed flexible law code built canals and damns |
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What was the best type of ruler according to the Legalists?
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one that ruled with strength, not virtue
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How large were some of the cities of the Song Dynasty?
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over one million
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How did Buddhism get to China?
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by merchants and missionaries who traveled to China
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How were the Chinese able to develop calendars and timekeeping pieces?
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observing and measuring movement of the stars and planets
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What is the symbol used by the Taoist?
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yin and yang
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What did Ban Zhao do and say?
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Wrote Lessons for Women - thought boys and girls should have equal education and stressed obedience and submission for women
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How did Taoist feel about education?
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had no need for intelligence
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Who was the most admired of ALL Chinese emperors?
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Tang Taizong
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