Anatomy Test 1 Part B

Front 1

Define respiration.

Back 1

exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between cells and external enviroment

Front 2

What structure prevents the trachea from collapsing during breathing?

Back 2

20 c-shaped rings of hyaline cartlidge that are embedded in its walls.

Front 3

Which bronchi is the most frequent site of a forieng body blockage?

Back 3

Right

Front 4

At what vertebral level does the trachea commonly bifurcate?

Back 4

T4 of T5

Front 5

What specific structure performs the gas exchange(diffuses CO2) for the respitory system?

Back 5

alveoli

Front 6

What is the name of the serous membrane covering the lungs?

Back 6

pleura

Front 7

What is the hilus?

Back 7

An indention on the mediatinal surface of the lung area where the primary bronchi and blood vessels enter and leave the lungs.

Front 8

What structures are located in the hilus?

Back 8

bronchus, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins, bronchial arteries, lumphatic vessels, nerves

Front 9

What is the only visible, external part of the respitory system?

Back 9

nasal

Front 10

What is the glottis?

Back 10

separates vocal cords

Front 11

Define respiration.

Back 11

exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between cells and external enviroment

Front 12

What structure prevents the trachea from collapsing during breathing?

Back 12

20 c-shaped rings of hyaline cartlidge that are embedded in its walls.

Front 13

Which bronchi is the most frequent site of a forieng body blockage?

Back 13

Right

Front 14

At what vertebral level does the trachea commonly bifurcate?

Back 14

T4 of T5

Front 15

What specific structure performs the gas exchange(diffuses CO2) for the respitory system?

Back 15

alveoli

Front 16

What is the name of the serous membrane covering the lungs?

Back 16

pleura

Front 17

What is the hilus?

Back 17

An indention on the mediatinal surface of the lung area where the primary bronchi and blood vessels enter and leave the lungs.

Front 18

What structures are located in the hilus?

Back 18

bronchus, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins, bronchial arteries, lumphatic vessels, nerves

Front 19

What is the only visible, external part of the respitory system?

Back 19

nasal

Front 20

What is the glottis?

Back 20

separates vocal cords

Front 21

What position and directions for breathing moves the diaphragm down to its lowest point?

Back 21

inspiration because it contracts the diaphragm and moves it down

Front 22

What is a fissure?

Back 22

separates the lobes of each lung

Front 23

Where are fissures found in the respitory system?

Back 23

horizontal fissure : between the upper and middle lobes on the right lung.

oblique fissure: separates middle and lower lobes of the right lung.

oblique fissure: separates upper and lower lobes of the left lung.

Front 24

What is the carina? Where is it located?

Back 24

a specific prominence, or ridge, of the lowest tracheal cartlidge, which is where the two bronchi begin.

Front 25

What is the difference in the names of the inner and outer layer of the pleura?

Back 25

inner: visceral pleura. covers the surface of the lungs and dips into the fissures

outer: parietal pleura. lines the inner surface of the chest wall and diaphragm

Front 26

What type of cartilage comprises the "C" shaped rings of the trachea?

Back 26

hyaline cartlige

Front 27

What are the functions of a sinus?

Back 27

produce mucous that helps trap debris, resonance chamber, lights the weight of the skull

Front 28

frontal sinus

Back 28

on forehead

Front 29

ethmoid sinus

Back 29

behind eyes

Front 30

maxillary sinus

Back 30

either side of the nose

Front 31

sphenoid sinus

Back 31

in the sphenoid bone at the center of the base of the skull

Front 32

What is the route of the passage of air through the mouth to the trachea?

Back 32

oropharynx, laryngopharynx, larynx, trachea

Front 33

What is the route of the passage of air through the nose to the trachea?

Back 33

nostrils, vestibule, conchae, pharynx, larynx, trachea

Front 34

Which segment of the pharynx serves as an air passage only?

Back 34

nasopharynx

Front 35

What structure prohibits the passage of food and water into the trachea during swallowing?

Back 35

epiglottis

Front 36

What is the anatomical name for the strucure that forms the thyroid cartlidge? What is its lay term?

Back 36

Laryngeal prominence. Adam's Apple.

Front 37

What is the medical term for the straining motion called that enable defecation?

Back 37

Valsalva Maneuver

Front 38

What is the difference of the number of lobes in each lung?

Back 38

1 lobe. Right lung has 3 and left has 2.

Front 39

What structure is known as "the guardian of the airway?"

Back 39

epiglottis

Front 40

What is the anatomical placement of the trachea as compared to the esophagus?

Back 40

Trachea is anterior to the esophagus

Front 41

What type of cartlige comprises the c-shaped rings of the trachea?

Back 41

hyaline cartlige

Front 42

What are the names of the paranasal sinuses?

Back 42

frontal, ethmoid, maxillary, sphenoid

Front 43

Where is the frontal sinus located?

Back 43

forehead

Front 44

Where is the ethmoid sinus located?

Back 44

behind eyes

Front 45

Where is the maxillary sinus located?

Back 45

either side of the nose

Front 46

Where is the sphenoid sinus located?

Back 46

in the sphenoid bone in the center at the base of the skull

Front 47

what is the route of the passage of air through the mouth to the trachea?

Back 47

oropharynx, laryngopharynx, larynx, trachea

Front 48

What is the route of the passage of air through the nose to the trachea?

Back 48

nostrils, vestibule, conchae, pharynx, larynx, trachea

Front 49

Which segment of the pharynx serves as an air passage only?

Back 49

nasopharynx

Front 50

What structure prohibits the passage of food and water into the trachea during swallowing?

Back 50

epiglottis

Front 51

What is the anatomical name for the structure that forms the thyroid cartilage? What is its lay term?

Back 51

laryngeal prominene. Adam's Apple

Front 52

What is the medical term for the straining motion called that enables defecation?

Back 52

valsalva maneuver

Front 53

What is the difference of the number of lobes in each lung?

Back 53

1 lobe, right has 3 and left has 2

Front 54

What structure is known as "the guardian of the airway?"

Back 54

epiglottis

Front 55

What is the anatomical placement of the trachea as compared to the esophagus?

Back 55

Trachea is anterior to the esophagus

Front 56

What is parenchyma?

Back 56

light, spongy, highly elastic substance that allows for breathing mechanism responsible for expansion and contraction of the lungs

Front 57

Where is the parenchyma?

Back 57

the lungs

Front 58

what are the five structures found in the mediastinum?

Back 58

heart, great vessels, thymus, trachea, esophagus

Front 59

What are the five functions of the nose?

Back 59

airway. moistens and warms the air, filters and cleans air, helps form speech/ sounds(resonance), olfactory receptors (smell)

Front 60

what is the primary purpose of the vibrissae and internal nasal hairs?

Back 60

prevents debris from entering your body

Front 61

What are three significant things concerning the hyoid bone?

Back 61

serves as a moveable base for the tongue, attachment point of several muscles which help elevate the larynx during speech and swallowing, frames upper, anterior larynx

Front 62

what surrounds each alveolar sac?

Back 62

fine elastic fibers

Front 63

what is consideredthe functional unit of the lungs?

Back 63

alveoli

Front 64

At what rib level is the widest diameter of the thorax found?

Back 64

8 or 9

Front 65

Where are the bronchi found: hilus or mediastinum?

Back 65

hilus

Front 66

What is the meaning of the word "phrenic?"

Back 66

diaphragm

Front 67

What structure located in the neck area serves both the digestive and respitory system?

Back 67

pharynx (oropharynx and laryngopharynx)

Front 68

What structure is connected to the mouth posteriorly?

Back 68

oropharynx

Front 69

What cartilage structure is found as the trachea bifurcates?

Back 69

carina

Front 70

What are the three main body cavities?

Back 70

thoracic, abdominopelvic, dorsal

Front 71

What is homeostasis?

Back 71

state of body equilibrium

Front 72

What is the purpose and location of the eustacian tube?

Back 72

connects middle ear to nasopharynx. drains ear and equalizes atmospheric pressure.

Front 73

What is the purpose of the nasal septum?

Back 73

separates the two nasal cavities

Front 74

What structure houses the vocal cords?

Back 74

larynx

Front 75

What is the diaphragm?

Back 75

muscular partition that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities

Front 76

What is the difference between the apex and base of the lung?

Back 76

apex: bluntly pointed top extending abouve clavicle about 1 inch.

base: broad bottom that sits on the diaphragm (called phrenic portion)

Front 77

What substance helps reduce friction between the lungs' coverings?

Back 77

pleura fluid

Front 78

What is a cough?

Back 78

blast of air rushing upward over glottis, dislodges foreign material from lower respitory tract

Front 79

What is a sneeze?

Back 79

clears upper respitory

Front 80

What is a laugh?

Back 80

rush of air over glottis, emotional response

Front 81

What is a hic-cup?

Back 81

sudden inspirations of air resulting from spasms of the diaphragm

Front 82

What is the ridge of cartilage that separates the bronchi as it bifurcates?

Back 82

carina

Front 83

what structures provide the separation partition between the lobes of the lungs?

Back 83

fissures

Front 84

Which hemidiaphrahm is higher than the other half and why is this so?

Back 84

left because of the presence of the liver

Front 85

What respitory structure is suspended form the hyoid bone?

Back 85

larynx

Front 86

Why are there dark and ligh areas on the radiograph?

Back 86

different structures have different densities

Front 87

What is a KUB radiograph?

Back 87

kidney, uterers, and bladder