Anatomy Of The Brain

Front 1

Meninges

Back 1

The three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord

Front 2

Dura mater

Back 2

Outer layer; the most resilient (tough mother). Contains the arteries and sinuses (venous drainage system) Dural fold give additional support to the brain

Front 3

Falx Ceribri

Back 3

Separates the cerebral hemispheres;

Front 4

Tentorium Ceribelli

Back 4

Spreads out like a tent; forms a partition between the cerebrum and cerebellum.

Front 5

Falx Cerebelli

Back 5

Separates cerebellar hemispheres

Front 6

Subdural

Back 6

Between the dura and arachnoid

Front 7

Subarachnoid

Back 7

Between the arachnoid and pia; Contains the Cerebrospinal fluid

Front 8

Arachnoid Membrane

Back 8

delicate, transparent membrane separated from the dura mater by subdural space

Front 9

Pia mater

Back 9

Delicate (tender mother); highly vascular layer that adheres closely to the contours of the brain

Front 10

Ventricular system

Back 10

Pathway for the circulation of the CSF throughout the CNS. Four fluid filled cavities deep in the brain. Lateral Ventricles, third and fourth ventricles

Front 11

Right and Left lateral Ventricles

Back 11

Two most superior cavities; lie within each cerebral hemisphere;

Front 12

Septum Pellucidum

Back 12

Separates, right and left ventricles by a thin partition. used to determine if the midline of the brain has shifted

Front 13

Trigone (atria)

Back 13

junction of the body, occipital and temporal horns forming a triangular area

Front 14

Interventricular Foramen (Foramen of Monro)

Back 14

Connects the lateral ventricles to the Third ventricle.

Front 15

Third ventricle

Back 15

thin slit-like structure; located midline just inferior to t he lateral ventricles

Front 16

Lamina Terminalis

Back 16

thin membrane which forms the anterior wall of the third ventricle

Front 17

Cerebral Aqueduct (aqueduct of Sylvius)

Back 17

long narrow passageway through which the third ventricle communicates with the fourth by transversing the posterior portion of the midbrain

Front 18

Thalamus

Back 18

forms the lateral walls of the third ventricle; regulation of consiousness, sleep aletness, spatial sense.; between the cerebral cortex and the midbrain; relay between the two

Front 19

Superior and Inferior Medullary Velum

Back 19

thin membrane; separates the fourth ventricle from the cerebellum

Front 20

Foramen of Magendie

Back 20

Major exit route for CSF passage; located in the posterior wall of the fourth ventricle, communication with the cisterna magna

Front 21

Foramen of Luschka

Back 21

Allows for passage of CSF between the ventricles and the subarachnoid space

Front 22

Subarachnoid Space

Back 22

narrow fluid filled space surrounding the brain and spinal cord

Front 23

Basal cisterns (subarachnoidal)

Back 23

combined term for the widened areas or pools of CSF around the base of the brain

Front 24

Choroid Plexus

Back 24

network of blood vessels which produces CSF; lines the floor of the lateral ventricles, roof of the third ventricle, and inferior medullary velum of the fourth ventricle.

Front 25

Arachnoid villi

Back 25

Excess CSF is reabsorbed in dural sinuses by way of these.

Front 26

Cisterna magna

Back 26

Located in the lower posterior fossa between the medulla oblongata, cerbellar hemispheres, and occipital bone; Continuous with the suarachnoid space of the spinal canal.

Front 27

Cerebrum

Back 27

Largest portion of the brain, divided into left and right cerebral hemispheres.

Front 28

Gyri

Back 28

Neutral tissue arranged in numerous folds

Front 29

Sulci

Back 29

Gyri separated by shallow grooves called...

Front 30

Fissures

Back 30

Deeper grooves in the brain

Front 31

Central Sulcus

Back 31

Main Sulcus; Divides the frontal and parietal lobes; separates the prefrontal and precentral gyrus

Front 32

Precentral gyrus

Back 32

Motorstrip of the brain

Front 33

Postcentral gyrus

Back 33

Sensory strip of the brain

Front 34

Longitudinal Fissure

Back 34

Deep long furrow that divides the left and right cerebral hemispheres; falx ceribri and superior sagittal sinus located in this fissure

Front 35

Lateral Fissure

Back 35

Deep furrow that separates the frontal and parietal lobes from the temporal lobe; numerous blood vessels, follow the course of the lateral fissure.

Front 36

Suprasellar Cistern (chiasmatic)

Back 36

Contains the optic chiasm and the Circle of Willis

Front 37

Cerebellum

Back 37

"the little brain" the coordinaiton center for motor functions. Executes through connection to the brainstem for maintenance of muscle tone, posture, and balance

Front 38

Vermis

Back 38

Midline structure Connects the two cerebellar hemispheres.

Front 39

Cerebellar Hemispheres

Back 39

Cerebellum consists of two lateral hemispheres.

Front 40

Cerebellar tonsils

Back 40

Inferior surface of the cerebellum

Front 41

Cerebellar Peduncles

Back 41

Three pairs of nerve fiber tracts connect the cerebellum to other parts of the brain

Front 42

Superior cerebellar peduncles

Back 42

Connect to the midbrain

Front 43

Middle cerebellar peduncles

Back 43

Connect to the pons

Front 44

Inferior cerebellar peduncles

Back 44

Connect to the Medulla Oblangata

Front 45

Blood Brain Barrier (BBB)

Back 45

Capillaries of the brain do not allow movement of certain molecules from their vascular compartment into the surrounding brain tissue.

Front 46

Cerebral Vascular System

Back 46

the walls and arteries of the brain are thin and weak making the brain vulnerable to aneurysms and strokes. Lack of valves allows blood to flow either way making it vulnerable to

Front 47

Grey Matter

Back 47

The cerebrum consists of ....(neuron cell bodies)

Front 48

White Matter

Back 48

(Myelinated axons)

Front 49

Cerebral Cortex

Back 49

The outermost portion of the cerebrum is composed of grey matter 3 to 5 mm thick.
Recieves and sends sensory inputand instructions to the muscles and glands for control of bodily movement and activity.

Front 50

Corpus Callosum

Back 50

The largest and deepest bundle of white matter fibers within the cerebrum;
Forms the room of the lateral ventricles and connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres

Front 51

Rostrum, Genu, Body, Splenium

Back 51

The four parts of the corpus callosum from anterior to posterior.

Front 52

Anterior Commissure

Back 52

The band of fibers connecting the parts of the two cerebral hemispheres.

Front 53

Posterior Commissure

Back 53

A large fiber bundle crossing from one side of the cerebrum to the other, dorsal to where the aqueduct opens into the third ventricle.