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5 Cards in this Set
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Anatomy definition Physiology definition complementarity of structure and function |
Anatomy- study of the structure of body parts and their relationship with one another, (gross, microscopic) Physiology- study of the functions of the body focus on different systems, also at the cell level complementarity of structure and function Structure and form= function |
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Levels of structural organization |
Chemical level Atoms combine toform molecules Cellular level Cells are made upof molecules Tissue levelTissues consist ofsimilar types of cells Organ levelOrgans are made up of different typesof tissues. Organ system level Organ systems consist of differentorgans that work together closely Organismal levelThe human organism is madeup of many organ systems. |
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organ systems |
Integumentary- skeletal- muscular- nervous- cardiovascular- lymphatic- respiratory- digestive- urinary- male/female reproductive- |
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Requirements of life |
to be defined as life and organism must be able to do 8 things Maintaining boundaries between internal and external environmentsSkinPlasma membranes Movement (contractility)Of body parts (skeletal muscle)Of substances (cardiac and smooth muscle) Responsiveness: The ability to sense and respond to stimuliWithdrawal reflex Control of breathing rate DigestionBreakdown of ingested foodstuffsAbsorption of simple molecules into blood Metabolism: All chemical reactions that occur in body cellsCatabolism (“breaking down”) and anabolism (“building up”) Excretion: The removal of wastes from metabolism and digestion Urea, carbon dioxide, feces Reproduction Cellular division for growth or repairProduction of offspring Growth: Increase in size of a body part or of organism |
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survival needs (human) |
NutrientsChemicals for energy and cell building OxygenEssential for energy release ATP production ATP- the "molecular unit of currency" of intracellular energy transfer.ATP transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism. WaterMost abundant chemical in the bodySite of chemical reactions Normal body temperatureAffects rate of chemical reactions Appropriate atmospheric pressureFor adequate breathing and gas exchange in the lungs |
