Anatomy - Gluteal Region

Front 1

Superior cluneal nerve

Back 1

- lateral cutaneous branches of PPR

- L1, L2, L3

- superior, central buttock

Front 2

Medial cluneal nerve

Back 2

- lateral cut. PPR

- S1,2,3

- medial buttock

Front 3

Inferior cluneal nerve

Back 3

- posterior cut. n of thigh

- APR

- S1,2,3

Front 4

What gluteal muscle does the gluteus maximus not cover?

Back 4

anterior superior third of the gluteus medius muscle

Front 5

What originates from the pink areas?

Back 5

gluteus maximus

- posterior gluteal line

- sacrum, coccyx

- sacrotuberous lig.

- fascia of glut med.

Front 6

What inserts here?

Back 6

Glut max.

- 75% to iliotibial tract

- 25% to gluteal tub.

Front 7

What innervates glut. max?

Back 7

inferior gluteal nerve

Front 8

Where might the superior cluneal nerve be compressed?

Back 8

between the thoracolumbar fascia and iliac crest

Front 9

What is the arterial supply to gluteus max?

Back 9

superior (major) and inferior gluteal arteries

Front 10

What are the the bursae associated with glut. max?

Back 10

- trochanteric bursa

- ischial bursa

Front 11

How might you irritate the ischial bursa?

Back 11

- repeated stress

- rowing, cycling

- repetitive extension

Front 12

How might you irritate the trochanteric bursa?

Back 12

- repetitive action like climbing stairs

Front 13

What originates here?

Back 13

Piriformis

Front 14

The superior gluteal vessels and superior gluteal nerve exit the suprapiriformis space. T/F

Back 14

True

Front 15

What is the origin and insertion of gluteus medius?

Back 15

- O: between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

- I: greater trochanter lat. surface

Front 16

What innervates glut med. and glut min?

Back 16

Superior gluteal nerve (L5, S1)

Front 17

What is the O and I of glut. min?

Back 17

- O: inf. and ant. gluteal lines

- I: greater trochant. anterior surface and fibrous capsule hip joint.

Front 18

What are the actions of glut. med and min?

Back 18

- abduct the thigh

- internally rotate the thigh

Front 19

Label.

Back 19

- superior gemellus

- inferior gemellus

- QF

- obturator internus

Front 20

What muscle is deep to the QF?

Back 20

Obturator externus

Front 21

What muscles does the TFL muscle assist?

Back 21

Assists the iliopsoas and rectus femoris muscles to flex the thigh

Front 22

What muscle attaches to the highlighted areas?

Back 22

QF

Front 23

What inserts here?

Back 23

glut med

Front 24

What is the innervation of TFL muscle?

Back 24

superior gluteal nerve L5, S1

Front 25

The posterior cutaneous nerve supplies more skin than any other cutaneous nerve. T/F

Back 25

True

Front 26

For a positive trendelenbergs sign, which side will the pelvis drop and what muscle will be affected?

Back 26

- the pelvis will drop to the unaffected side

- glut. min, med and TFL or superior gluteal nerve are affected

Front 27

What are the actions of the TFL?

Back 27

abducts and internally rotates thigh

Front 28

A patient comes in with pain along the back of the thigh to the knee; loss of sensation or numbness and tingling in the sole of the foot. What may they have?

Back 28

Sciatica or Piriformis syndrome

Front 29

What is the difference between sciatica and piriformis syndrome?

Back 29

Main difference is the cause; sciatica is directly due to herniation of the disc.

Front 30

A patient has motor loss of the gluteus medius, minimus and TFL muscles. As a result abduction and internal rotation are severely impacted. What Nerve is injured?

Back 30

The superior gluteal nerve

Front 31

You ask a person with a superior gluteal nerve injury to stand on one foot; what might you witness?

Back 31

- glut med and min usually contract as the foot leaves the ground to keep the pelvis level

- with a superior gluteal nerve injury the unsupported side will drop because the muscles on the supported side will be weak

Front 32

The ______ branch of the superior gluteal artery supplies the glut max. The _____ branch supplies glut. medius, minimus and TFL.

Back 32

superficial/external branch; deep branch

Front 33

What is the highlighted artery?

Back 33

Superior gluteal artery

Front 34

The inferior gluteal artery descends medially to the sciatic nerve. T/F

Back 34

True

Front 35

What does the inferior gluteal artery supply?

Back 35

- glut max.

- QF

- obturator internus

- gemelli

- superior part of hamstring

- sciatic nerve

Front 36

What two arteries arise from the anterior division of the internal iliac artery?

Back 36

- inferior gluteal

- internal pudendal

Front 37

The internal pudendal artery enters the perineum through the lesser sciatic foramen. T/F

Back 37

True

Front 38

The superior gluteal nerve exits the ________ space and enters between the _____ and ______.

Back 38

supragulteal space; gluteus min. and med.

Front 39

What are 4 things the sciatic nerve rests on in the gluteal area?

Back 39

- posterior surface of ischium

- nerve to quadratus femoris and inferior gemelli

- obturator internus and gemellus muscles

- QF muscle

Front 40

The sciatic nerve is accompanied by the posterior femoral cut. nerve and the superior gluteal artery. T/F

Back 40

False; the inferior gluteal artery