Anatomy For Massage Therpists

Front 1

as a solution moves from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower it is

Back 1

diffusion

Front 2

active transport is

Back 2

tranport using ATP

Front 3

passive transport is

Back 3

without ATP

Front 4

level of organization is

Back 4

atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Front 5

What happens in the ER

Back 5

ribosomes carry RNA nucleus to rough ER, read the RNA molecule translate into proteins, which carry out jobs in or out of cell

Front 6

mitochondria

Back 6

membrane bound organelles, cristae where oxygen combine with sugar to produce ATP

Front 7

the smooth ERR assists with lipid and carb synthesis

Back 7

true

Front 8

what does the golgi apparatus do

Back 8

vesicles filled with proteins fuse, tagged, delivered to the proper place, distribution wharehouse

Front 9

proteasomes do what

Back 9

breakdown and recycle damaged proteins

Front 10

lysosmes are what

Back 10

deal with proteins that no longer useful, vesicles walk along microtubules, vesicles have digestive enzymes

Front 11

_________ catalyze reactions at active site

Back 11

enzymes

Front 12

what are examples of membrane carbohydrates

Back 12

protglycans, glycoproteins, glycolipids, lubricate, anchor, locomotion

Front 13

what is the substance that makes up tissue

Back 13

matrix

Front 14

connective tissue is

Back 14

a fibrous tissue, scattered throughout extracellular matrix

Front 15

most abundant connective tissue is

Back 15

loose connective

Front 16

hyaline cartilage is found in the

Back 16

joints

Front 17

what are examples of membrane carbohydrates

Back 17

protglycans, glycoproteins, glycolipids, lubricate, anchor, locomotion

Front 18

what is the substance that makes up tissue

Back 18

matrix

Front 19

connective tissue is

Back 19

a fibrous tissue, scattered throughout extracellular matrix

Front 20

most abundant connective tissue is

Back 20

loose connective

Front 21

hyaline cartilage is found in the

Back 21

joints

Front 22

what is the largest organ in the body

Back 22

skin

Front 23

what is skin connected to

Back 23

superficial fascia

Front 24

what is positive feedback

Back 24

increases the magnitude

Front 25

what is negative feedback

Back 25

opposes the magnitude

Front 26

what is endocytosis

Back 26

intake of substances by cell

Front 27

what are desmosomes

Back 27

anchoring junctions in the epithelium

Front 28

what is hypotonic

Back 28

a lower concentration of solute

Front 29

what is a system that regulates its internal environment

Back 29

homeostasis

Front 30

what is the main component of CT

Back 30

collagen, tendon, ligament and skin, and is also abundant in cornea, cartilage, bone, blood vessels, the gut, and intervertebral disc

Front 31

what is elastin

Back 31

aids skin to return to original position

Front 32

what are the connective tissue layers in muscle

Back 32

Epimysium
Perimysium
Endomysium

Front 33

what type of connective tissue in bone

Back 33

dense marrow, endosteum and periosteum, nerves, blood vessels and cartilage

Front 34

what type of tissue is cancellous bone

Back 34

osseous tissue

Front 35

cancellous bone is highly __________

Back 35

vascular

Front 36

what are the connective tissue layers in muscle

Back 36

Epimysium
Perimysium
Endomysium

Front 37

what type of bone marrow is in cancellous bone

Back 37

red

Front 38

what type of connective tissue in bone

Back 38

dense marrow, endosteum and periosteum, nerves, blood vessels and cartilage

Front 39

what type of tissue is cancellous bone

Back 39

osseous tissue

Front 40

cancellous bone is highly __________

Back 40

vascular

Front 41

what type of bone marrow is in cancellous bone

Back 41

red

Front 42

what type of joints do the vertebrae form

Back 42

cartiligenous joints

Front 43

a cartiligenous joint is a

Back 43

ligament

Front 44

annulus fibrous is

Back 44

fibrocartilage and lamina of fibrous tissue

Front 45

nucleus polpusus

Back 45

a jelly like substance, includes chondrocytes, collagen fibrils, and proteoglycan aggrecans, distributes load

Front 46

the first cervical disc does not have a

Back 46

disc

Front 47

the types of bone include

Back 47

long, short, flat, sesamoid, irregular

Front 48

long bones are

Back 48

longer than they are wide, femur, tibia, fibula, humerii, radii, ulnametacarpals, metatarsals, phlanges,

Front 49

short bones are

Back 49

seasmoid, the patella, the break more easily

Front 50

flat bones primarily do what

Back 50

protect, broad surface for muscle attachment

Front 51

flat bones are made up of two layers of

Back 51

compact bone and some cancellous bone, cranial bones, occipital, parietal, frontal, nasal, lacrimal, vomer, scapula, os coxæ (hip bone), sternum, and ribs

Front 52

irregular bones are called this because

Back 52

do not fit any other category include vertebræ, sacrum, coccyx, temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid, zygomatic, maxilla, mandible, palatine, inferior nasal concha, and hyoid.

Front 53

irregular bones do what

Back 53

anchoring and protection of nervous tissue

Front 54

bone serves four functions, what are they

Back 54

protection, structure, movement, sound transduction

Front 55

bone has several metabolic functions which are

Back 55

mineral storage, growth factor, fat storage, acid base, detoxification, endocrine organ

Front 56

what are the two types of bone

Back 56

compact and cancellous

Front 57

bone cellular structure has three os, they are

Back 57

osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts

Front 58

osteoblasts are

Back 58

bone forming cells

Front 59

osteocytes come from

Back 59

osteoblasts, found in lacunae

Front 60

octeoclasts do what

Back 60

bone resorption

Front 61

two types of ossification

Back 61

intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification

Front 62

intermembranous ossification forms what bones

Back 62

flat bones of the skull but also the mandible, maxilla, and clavicles, from mesenchyme tissue rather than from cartilage

Front 63

what is endochondral ossification

Back 63

1.Development of cartilage model
2.Growth of cartilage model
3.Development of the primary ossification center
4.Development of the secondary ossification center
5.Formation of articular cartilage and epiphyseal plate

Front 64

remodeling is

Back 64

process of resortion, osteoblasts and osteoclasts couple together

Front 65

epiphyseal plate is found in

Back 65

long bone

Front 66

the outside of bone is the

Back 66

periosteum

Front 67

osteon is also known as

Back 67

harversian system, functional unit of compact bone, contains the bone nerve and blood supply

Front 68

osteons are seperated by

Back 68

interstitial lalellae

Front 69

what bones make up the AC joint

Back 69

acromonion, clavicle

Front 70

what bones make up the knee

Back 70

tibia, patella,

Front 71

slow twitch muscles

Back 71

contract for long periods of time

Front 72

fast twitch muscles

Back 72

split ATP quickly, rely on short term glycotic systems

Front 73

what joint is between the atlas and the occipital bone

Back 73

atlanto-occipital joint

Front 74

atlantoaxial joint is

Back 74

articulates axis with atlas

Front 75

actin is

Back 75

microfilaments, one of the three major components of the cytoskeleton, and thin filaments

Front 76

myosin

Back 76

produces muscle in contraction in muscle cells

Front 77

what is bursae

Back 77

a small fluid filled sac linied by synovial membrane

Front 78

what bones are in the glenhumeral joint

Back 78

ball and socket joint, glenoid fossa of scapula and head of the humerus

Front 79

what is arthokinematics

Back 79

specific movements of joint surfaces

Front 80

what is osteokinematics

Back 80

movement between two synovial joints

Front 81

what are the curves of the spine

Back 81

lordosis