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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Cranial Nerve I
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Olfactory Nerve
Sensory from olfactory epithelium Passes through cribiform plate Tested by smell (cotton ball with alcohol) |
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What is Cranial Nerve II
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Optic nerve
Sensory vision from retina Passes through optic canal Test by menace response, obstacle course, ball rolling, pupillary light reflex and tracking |
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What is Cranial Nerve III
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Oculomotor Nerve
Motor to D,V,M rectus m, ventral oblique and levator palpebrae superioris m, Parasympathetic to iris sphincter Passes through orbital fissure Test for D,V,M movement or pupil in the head tracking, look for lateral strabismus, droopy upper eyelid, pupillary light reflex, include the indirect response to light in the contralateral eye |
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What is Cranial Nerve IV
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Trochlear Nerve
Motor to the dorsal oblique m Passes through orbital fissure Test for oblique deviation of pupil (no so obvious in round pupil animals) |
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What is Cranial Nerve V
Opthalmic branch |
Trigeminal Nerve
Sensory from the globe, periorbita, nasal mucosa, medial aspect of palpebrae Passes through Orbital fissue Test for Palpebral reflex, medial canthus |
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What is Cranial Nerve V
Maxillary branch |
Trigeminal Nerve
Sensory to upper lip, nasal mucosa, lateral aspect of palpebrae Passes through round foramen and rosteral alar foramen Test for palpebral reflex, lateral canthus, test sensation to upper lip or nasal mucosa |
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What is Cranial Nerve V
Mandibular branch |
Trigeminal Nerve
Sensory from lower jaw and auriculotemoral area and motor to muscles of mastication Passes through oval foramen Test sensation to lower jaw and lip or auriculotemporal area or look for atrophy to muscles of mastication |
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What is Cranial Nerve VI
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Abducens Nerve
Motor to retractor bulbi m and lateral rectus m Passes through orbital fissure Test for lateral movement of the eye in the head tracking, look for medial strabismus |
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What is Cranial Nerve VII
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Facial nerve
Motor to muscles of facial expression and sensory (taste) from rostral 2/3 of the tongue Parasympathetic to salivary and lacrimal gland Passes through Stylomastoid foramen and internal acoustic meatus Test for effects on facial expression, look for drooling, deviation of philtrum, droopy ear, test palpebral reflex failure to close the palpebral fissure |
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What is Cranial Nerve VIII
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Vestibulocochlear Nerve
Sensory for hearing and balance Passes through internal acoustic meatus Test hearing, look for head tilt, circling and balance problems |
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What is Cranial Nerve IX
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Glossopharyngeal Nerve
Sensory from the tongue and pharyngeal mucosa and motor to the pharynx Parasympathetic to parotid and mucosal gland Passes though jugular foramen and tympanooccipital fissure Test gag reflex, swallowing |
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What is Cranial Nerve X
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Vagus nerve
Some motor to pharynx and esophagus Sensory to ear canal and epiglottis Parasympathetic to heart, lungs and abdomen Passes through jugular foramen and tympanoocipital fissue Listen sounds for increased heart decreased gut. test gag reflex |
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What is Cranial Nerve XI
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Spinal Accessory nerve
Motor to trapezius, omotransversarious sternocephalicus and cleidocephalicus motor to larynx Passes through jugular foramen and tympanooccipital fissure See neurogenic atrophy |
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What is Cranial Nerve XII
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Hypoglossal Nerve
Motor to extrinsic and intrinsic muscle of the tongue Passes through hypoglossal canal Test for ability to drink water, look at tongue tone |
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What is the canine dental formula?
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42 teeth total
incisors-canine-premolar-molar Upper jaw 3-1-4-2 Lower jaw 3-1-4-3 |
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What are the frontal sinuses of the dog?
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Lateral Frontal Sinus
Medial Frontal Sinus Rostral Frontal Sinus *they all communicate with each other* |
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What is the philtrum?
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The groove the divides the superior lip into a left and right half.
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What is the Platysma?
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Most superficial muscle covering the head, cutaneous muscle and is usually removed with the skin.
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What is the muscle that encircles the eye?
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Orbicularis Oculi
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What are the surfaces of the teeth?
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Lingual
Buccal Labial Occlusal |
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What is the muscle just above the nose attaching at the edge of the superior lip?
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Levator Nasolabialis
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What is the name for eyelids?
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Palpebrae
Superior- has eyelashes inferior Meet at medial and lateral commissures |
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What is the muscle that encircles the mouth?
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Orbicularis oris
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What is the name of the muscle inside the dogs cheek?
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Buccinator
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What is the name of the muscle on the lateral side of the eye?
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Retractor Anguli Oculi Lateralis
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What is the other name for 3rd eyelid?
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Plica semilunaris
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What is the pathway of tears?
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Lacrimal gland-conjunctival sac-over cornea-lacrimal puncta-lacrimal duct-lacrimal sac-nasolacrimal duct
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What are the muscles that move the ear?
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Rostral Auricular Muscle (i love you)
Caudal Auricular Muscle (i hate you) |
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What is the cartilage that is on the medial side of the ear?
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Scutiform cartilage
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Where is the vestibule of the mouth?
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the space between the lips and teeth
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What is the Palatoglossal Arch?
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folds of tissue coming off the tongue on either side that attach to the soft palate
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What is the Frenulum?
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fold of tissue that holds the bottom of the tongue to the mouth
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What are the 4 salivary glands in the dog?
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Sublingual
Mandibular Parotid Zygomatic |
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What are the bumps where the frenulum ends?
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Sublingual Caruncles
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What is the oropharynx?
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When food is swallowed it is the 1st passageway it enters. It is where the soft palate starts and ends where the soft palate ends
Palantine tonsils on both sides of oropharynx |
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What is the nasopharynx?
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area after the choanae and ends at the end of the soft palate
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What is the laryngyopharynx?
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runs from the end of the nasopharynx to the esophagus
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What are the laryngeal cartilages?
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Epiglottic
Thyroid Cricoid arytenoid |
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What are the Laryngeal muscles?
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Cricothyroideus
Cricoarytenoideus Cricoarytenoideus lateralis Thyroarytenoideus |
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What is the Cricothyroideus muscle?
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Muscle of larynx responsible for tensing the vocal cords
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What is the Cricoarytenoideus Dorsalis muscle?
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Muscle of the larynx responsible for opening the glottis and rotates the arytenoid moving vocal process laterally
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What is the Cricoarytenoideus Lateralis muscle?
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Muscle of the larynx responsible for closing the glottis by pulling the vocal process medially
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What is the Thyroartenoideus muscle?
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Muscle of the larynx responsible for relaxing the vocal fold and constricting the glottis
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What are the 4 muscles of mastication?
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Temporalis m
Medial and Lateral Pterygoid Masseter m Digastricus m Digastricus m only opener of jaw all others close. |
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What are the Lingual muscles?
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Styloglossus -retracts and elevates tongue
Hyoglossus- retracts and depresses tongue Genioglossus-protrude and retract apex |
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What are the hyoid muscles?
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aid in swallowing, regurgitation and some tongue movements
Sternohyoideus Thyrohyoideus Mylohyodeus Geniohyoideus |
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What nerves are responsible for menace response?
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2 in 7 out
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What nerves are responsible for Pupillary response?
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2 in 3 out
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What nerves are responsible for Palpebral response?
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5 in 7 out
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What canthus is involved in palpebral response from trigeminal nerve ophthalmic branch?
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Medial canthus
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What canthus is involved in palpebral response from trigeminal nerve maxillary branch?
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lateral canthus
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What are the veins of the dog head?
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External jugular
Maxillary Linguofacial lingual facial dorsal nasal Angularis oculi deep facial |
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What is the role of the carotid body?
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It is a chemoreceptor to monitor BP, located at the bifurcation of the internal and external carotid arteries
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What are the 4 branches that come off of the mandibular branch of trigeminal?
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Lingual
Inferior alveolar Mylohyoid Auriculotemporal |
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What are the muscles and the caudal portion of the eye surrounded by in a connective sheath?
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Periorbita
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What muscle controls the upper eyelid?
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Levator Palpebrae Superioris
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