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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The primary function of muslce is ?
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A.) conversion of chemical energy into mechanical energy.
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Thick Filaments ?
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A.) are composed primarily of myosin.
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Thin Filaments ?
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D.) are composed of actin, troponin and tropomyosin.
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Which of the following does NOT happen during a muscle contraction ?
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E.) The thick and thin filaments shorten.
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Under which condition can muscle fibers generate the most tension ?
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E.) When fibers have an overlap of thick and thin filaments that is close to their optimal length.
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How do muscle fibers produce ATP ?
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A.) from creatine phosphate
B.) through anaerobic cellular respiration C.) through aerobic cellular respirtation E.) A,B and C are correct |
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An adult has more muscle mass than a child. How did that increase in muscle mass ?
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E.) hypertrophy
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Anaerobic cellular respiration ?
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A.) converts glucose to pyruvic acid and ultimatley to lactic acid.
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Skeletal muscle ?
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A.) is Striated
B.) is largely under voluntary control D.) A and B are correct |
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The ability to respond to simuli by producing action potentials ?
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A.) is called electrical excitability.
B.) is a property of muscle tissue. D.) A and B are correct |
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In order to prevent an accidental immune response, Helper T cells are required to costimulate?
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A.) B cells
B.) T cells D.) Both A&B |
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Which of the following is NOT funation of blood ?
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D.) promote blood loss
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Which of the following hematocrit values indicates that a patient has polycythemia?
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A.) 62%
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How do white blood cells (WBC's) differ from red blood cells (RBC's) ?
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A.) WBC's have nuclei: RBC's do not.
B.) WBC's can leave the blood vessels; RBC's cannot. D.) A and B are correct |
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_______ develop into mast cells that release heparin, histamine and serotonin ?
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B.) Basophils
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Each of the following contributes to muscle fatigue EXCEPT:
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B.) presence of adequate amounts of o2 in the mitochondria.
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Wave summation in a muscle fiber ?
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A.) occurs when additional stimuli arrive before the fiber has relaxed after the intial stimulus.
B.) usually result in subsequent contractions that are stronger than 1st. C.) A and B are correct |
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Platelets ?
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A.) stop bleeding by plugging holes in blood vessels.
B.) release chemicals that make blood clot D.) A and B are correct |
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Slow oxidative muscle fibers ?
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C.) Resist fatigue and contain large amounts of myoglobin.
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Cardiac muscle tissue ?
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E.) all of the above are correct
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Hemostasis?
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E.) all of the above are correct
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which of the following is associated with the extrinsic pathway of blood clotting ?
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E.) all of the above are correct
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the intrinsic pathway ?
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B.) may be initiated by damage to the endothelium of blood vessels.
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Lymphatic nodules ?
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A.) include the tonsils and peyers patches
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A decreased number of red blood cells?
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A.) will decrease the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
B.) may be caused by decreased RBC production and/or increased RBC destruction. D.) A and B are correct |
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the lymphatic system functions include ?
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A.) reabsorbing fluid lost from the capllaries and trans[orting in to the blood.
B.) absorbing fats from the digestive system. C.) defending the body against infectous disease E.) A,B and C are correct |
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Which of the following is NOT considered part of the lymphatic system?
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C.) Yellow bone marrow
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Natural killer (NK) cells ?
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C.) Secrete perforin and granzymes to destroy target cells.
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The first stage of the inflammation response is ?
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A.) Vasodilation
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RBC's display only antigen B
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C.) type B
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RBC's display antigens A and B
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B.) Type AB
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RBC's display neither antigen A or B ?
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D.) type O
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Place the stages of phagocytosis in hte order in which they occur:
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D.) 2,1,4,5,3
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How does immunity differ from nonspecific defenses ?
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A.) immunity provides protection against specific foreign antigens
B.) immunity displays memory C.) Immunity refers to a variety of body responses against a wide range of pathogens. D.) A, B and C are correct. |
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Cytotoxic cells may destroy pathogens and abnormal body cells via all of the following mechanisms EXCEPT:
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B.) phagocytosis of target cell
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Complement ?
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A.) is a series of proteins that assist in fighting infections.
B.) stimulates phagocytosis, cycolysis, and inflammation when activated D.) A and B are correct |
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Both skeletal and ____ muscle are striated, but only skeletal muscle is voluntarily controlled.
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A.) Cardiac
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___ is a protein found in the sarcoplasm of skeletal muscle cells the binds and releases o2.
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B.) Myoglobin
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In a blood transfusion, Rh ____ blood will cause in Rh___ person to make antibodies which could be harmful in subsequent transactions
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B.) positive, negative
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Immunological memory.
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E.) all of these are correct
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____ is made by bacteria in the large intestine and is required for the synthesis of clotting factors.
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C.) Vitamin K
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Which white blood cells combat the effects of histamine in allergic reactions ?
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B.) Eosinophils
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Which of the following is a propery of muscle tissue ?
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D.) all of the above are properties of muscle
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_____ is the site where T cells mature
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B.) Thymus
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______ is the site where B cells mature
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A.) bone marrow
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_____ is found inside most lympathic vessels; it is identical to interstitial fluid.
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A.) lymph
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____ muscle is nonstriated and not under voluntary control. It is found in blood vessels.
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B.) smooth
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_____ is the ablilty of the body to defend itself against specific invading agents.
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A.) immunity
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_____ cells are differentiated clones of B cells that produce anitbodies.
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C.) Plasma cells
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____ include interferons and interleukins; they regulate cellular activities assiociated with specific and nonspecific resistance to disease.
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B.) Antimicrobial proteins
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