Anatomy Ch 10 Terminology

Front 1

Neurotransmitter chemical releases at the end of the nerve cells

Back 1

Acetylcholine

Front 2

Carriers messages towards the brain and spinal cord (sensory nerve)

Back 2

Afferent nerve

Front 3

Middle layer of the three membranes (meninges) that surround the brain and spinal cord

Back 3

Arachnid membrane

Front 4

Type of global ( neuroglial) cell that transport water and alot from capillaries

Back 4

Astrocyte

Front 5

Nerves that control involuntary body function of muscles, gland, and internal organs

Back 5

Autonomic nervous system

Front 6

Microscopic fiber that carries the nerve impulse along a nerve cell

Back 6

Axon

Front 7

Protective separations between the blood and the brain cells

Back 7

Blood-brain barrier

Front 8

Posterior portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord; includes the mid brain, poms, and medulla oblongata

Back 8

Brainstem

Front 9

Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord

Back 9

Cauda equina

Front 10

Part of a nerve cell tuseday- contains the nucleus

Back 10

Cell body

Front 11

The brain and the spinal cord

Back 11

Central nervous system

Front 12

Posterior part of the brain that coordinates muscles movements and maintains balance

Back 12

Cerebellum

Front 13

Outer region of the cerebrum, containing sheets of nerve cells; gray matter of the brain

Back 13

Cerebral cortex

Front 14

Circulates throughout the brain and spinal cord

Back 14

Cerebrospinal fluid

Front 15

Largest part of the brain; responsible for voluntary muscular activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing, thought, and memory

Back 15

Cerebrum

Front 16

Twelve pairs of nerves that carry messages to and from the brain with regard to the head and neck (except the vagus nerve)

Back 16

Cranial nerve

Front 17

Microscopic branching fiber of a nerve cell that is the first part to receive the nervous impulse

Back 17

Dendrite

Front 18

Thick outer layer of the meninges surrounding and protecting the brain and spinal cord

Back 18

Dura mater

Front 19

Carrie's messages away from the brain and spinal cord; motor nerve

Back 19

Efferent nerve

Front 20

Glial cell that lives membranes within the brain and spinal cord and helps form cerebrospinal fluid

Back 20

Ependymal cell

Front 21

Correction of nerve cell biopsies in the peripheral nerves system

Back 21

Ganglion

Front 22

Supportive and connective nerve cen that does not carry nervous impulse

Back 22

Glial cell (neyroglial cell)

Front 23

Sherry of nerve cells that produce a round ridge on the surface of the cerebral cortex; convolution

Back 23

Gyrus

Front 24

Part of the brain just above the spinal cord; controls breathing heartbeat, and the size of blood vessels; nerve fibers cross over here

Back 24

Medulla oblongata

Front 25

Three protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord

Back 25

Meninges

Front 26

Phagocytic glial cell that removes waste products from the central nervous system

Back 26

Microglial cell

Front 27

Uppermost portion of the brain

Back 27

Midbrain

Front 28

Carries messages away from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and organs; efferent nerve

Back 28

Motor nerve

Front 29

Covering of white fatty tissue that surround and insulates the axon of a nerve cell. Speeds impulse conduction along axons

Back 29

Myelin sheath

Front 30

Macroscopic cord-like collection of fibers (axons and dendrites) that carry electrical impulses

Back 30

Nerve

Front 31

Nerve cell that carries impulses throughout the body; parenchyma of the nervous system

Back 31

Neurons

Front 32

Chemical messengers released at the end of a nerve cell. It stimulates our inhibits another cell, which can be a nerve cell, muscle cell, or gland cell.

Back 32

Neurotransmitter

Front 33

Glial creek that form the myelin sheath covering axons.

Back 33

Oligodendroglial

Front 34

Involuntary, autonomic nerves that regulate normal body function such as heart rate, breathing, and muscles of the gastrointestinal tract

Back 34

parasympathetic

Front 35

Essential, distinguishing tissue of any organ or system. The parenchyma of the nervous system include the neuron and nerves that carry nervous impulses. Parenchymal cells of the liver are hepatocytes, and parenchyma tissue of the kidney includes nephrons, where urine is formed.

Back 35

Parenchyma

Front 36

Nerves outside the brain and spinal cord: cranial, spinal, and autonomic nerves

Back 36

Peripheral nervous system

Front 37

Thin, delicate inner membrane of the meninges

Back 37

Pia mater

Front 38

Large, interlacing network of nerve

Back 38

Plexus

Front 39

Part of the brain anterior to the cerebellum and between the medulla and the rest of the midbrain. It's a bridge connecting various parts of the brain

Back 39

Pons

Front 40

Organ that receive a nervous stimulus and passes it on to afferent nerves. The skin, ears, eyes, and taste buds are receptors

Back 40

Receptor

Front 41

Nerve extending from the base of the spin down the thigh, lower leg, and foot

Back 41

Sciatic nerve

Front 42

Carries messages toward the brain and spinal cord from a receptor; afferent nerve

Back 42

Sensory nerve

Front 43

Thirty - one pairs of nerves arising from the spinal cord

Back 43

Spinal nerves

Front 44

Agent of change (light, sound, touch, pressure, and pain) in the internal or external environment that evokes a response

Back 44

Stimulus

Front 45

Connective and support tissue of an organ. Glial cells make up the stromal tissue of the brain

Back 45

Stroma

Front 46

Depression or groove in the surface of the cerebral cortex; fissure

Back 46

Sulcus

Front 47

Autonomic nerves that influence bodily functions involuntarily in times of stress

Back 47

Sympathetic nerves

Front 48

Space through which a nervous impulse travels between nerve cells or between nerve muscle or glandular cells.

Back 48

Synapse

Front 49

Main relay center of the brain. It conducts impulses between the spinal cord and the cerebrum; incoming sensory messages are related through the thalamus to appropriate centers in the cerebrum.

Back 49

Thalamus

Front 50

Tenth cranial nerve (cranial nerve X); it's branches reach to the larynx, trachea, bronchi, aorta, lungs, esophagus, and stomach

Back 50

Vagus nerve

Front 51

Canals in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid. Ventricles are also found in the heart- they are the yeti lower chambers of the heart.

Back 51

Ventricles of the brain